14. Which one of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?& s! X7 K& V$ {0 W
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(A) The analysis of a limited number of atypical discrimination suits of little value to potential plaintiffs
+ f! r' {; u* i6 H(B) When the number of factors analyzed in a sex discrimination suit is increased the validity of the conclusions drawn becomes suspect" z, ]+ ]5 u+ {$ @
(C) Scholars who are critical of traditional legal research frequently offer alternative approaches that are also seriously flawed6 Y2 d1 q- E0 Z! R
(D) Outcomes analysis has less predictive value in sex discrimination cases than do certain other social science techniques
- R* Z9 a6 e4 S& e1 ^: s7 i. b(E) Given adequate information, it is possible to predict with considerable certainty whether a plaintiff will be successful in a discrimination suit
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$ u- H) [3 K# D& I a15. It can be inferred from the author s disccussion of traditional legal research that the author is5 D: B6 d6 n4 H( y2 b" x5 w
$ N& j3 L( @* M; v9 m(A) frustrated because traditional legal research has not achieved its full potential
, ]0 s6 W0 B s& b# _, T(B) critical because traditional legal research has little relevance to those actually involved in cases
3 N. [; H% L$ y% o$ p% {( i. C(C) appreciative of the role traditional legal research played in developing later more efficient approaches
/ j# [: H! J$ c7 ~9 G(D) derisive because traditional legal research has outlasted its previously significant role5 @. B' b v$ L3 ]1 ^3 Z
(E) grateful for the ability of traditional legal ressearch to develop unique types of evidence
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16. Which one of the following statements about Zirkel and Schoenfeld can be inferred from the passage?
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* O0 g9 Y2 K4 l+ |5 p! j5 e( m(A) They were the first scholars to use social science tools in amlyzing legal cases7 U5 O2 t0 x; o k% B4 |
(B) They confined their studies to the outcomes analysis technique.0 N9 K: m% z6 L: v m" m) Z" N
(C) They saw no value in the analysis provided by traditional legal research.' q* P5 y) i8 M' F. q2 D$ G, t
(D) They rejected policy capturing as being too limited in scope
. B; l% e- ~3 B: H(E) They believed that the information generated by outcomes analysis would be relevant for plaintiffs.6 t) h6 G( S, O8 x. N
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17. The author s characterization of traditional legal research in the first paragraph is intended to
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9 s5 L% A2 D8 j4 R; E z(A) provide background information for the subsequent discussion+ t1 V* @6 w2 J: T0 K% g* S7 ]
(B) summarize an opponent s position i) P3 f" d6 U( g; c( K
(C) argue against the use of social science tools in the analysis of sex discrimination cases
8 y) R6 y* R0 i+ g0 B g(D) emphasize the fact that legal researchers act to the detriment of potential plaintiffs
( q( E1 E2 @( C! A3 m9 x(E) reconcile traditional legal researchers to the use of social science tools.; _7 Z( \9 S3 ?2 M
- z& j+ h( G$ O4 m2 `+ f: h3 \18. The information in the passage suggests that plaintiffs who pursue sex discrimination cases despite the statisties provided by outcomes analysis can best be likened to
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(A) athletes who continue to employ training techniques despite their knowledge of statistical evidence indicating that these techniques are ulikely to be effective
+ y% K/ M7 L' y(B) lawyers who handle lawsuits for a large number of clients in the hope that some percentage will be successful: X* Z2 _0 N$ u7 q$ n3 M
(C) candidates for public office who are more interested in making a political statement than in winning an election
4 X0 R* v4 M+ H/ o* e8 [; N3 B& C(D) supporters of a cause who recruit individuals sympathetic to it in the belief that large numbers of supporters will lend the cause legitimacy
! M& e# L, b* j(E) purchasers of a charity s raffle tickets who consider the purchase a contribution because the likelihood of winning is temote
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19. The policy-capturing approach differs from the approach described in lines 48-59 in that the latter approach
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$ O$ i5 a$ X) P/ a5 g3 l(A) makes use of detailed information on a greater number of cases
3 f! s7 s9 a0 N7 i1 V- t(B) focuses more directly on issues of concern to litigants
. u4 q8 _" Y/ c% `9 ?(C) analyzes information that is more recent and therefore reflects current trends
: d: ` t: U j4 ]/ L. T$ V1 G(D) allows assessment of aspects of a case that are not specifically mentioned in a judge s opinion6 X4 f' I4 ^$ r6 ~6 \5 L
(E) eliminates any distortion due to personal bias on the part of the researcher" C5 G7 c+ X& U5 W G# H: w% G8 y6 S
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20. Which one of the following best describes the organizatin of the passage?
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; G, n. p' Q% H9 P3 R9 n8 N(A) A technique is introduced, its shortcomings are summarized, and alternatives are described
1 @' o$ h/ x% r& ^* V3 o(B) A debate is introduced, evidence is presented, and a compromise is reached5 w7 v$ s R5 {; V: b8 y0 \% z. l
(C) A theory is presented, clarification is provided, and a plan of further evaluation is suggested# l' b! x9 V/ O# Q, X
(D) Standards are established, hypothetical examples are analyzed, and the criteria are amended
/ |* H$ L( ]- X6 H9 E$ `(E) A position is challenged, its shortcomings are categorized, and the challenge is revised.! M1 `% Y; T( G+ t a4 M
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A fake can be defined as an artwork intended to deceive. The motives of its creator are decisive, and the merit of the object itself is a separate issue. The question mark in the title of Mark Jones s Fake? The
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(5) Arl of Deception reveals the study s broader concerns Indeed, it might equally be entitled Original? and the text begins by noting a variety of possibilities somewhere between the two extremes. These include works by an artist s followers in the style of the master.
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5 p0 B0 i6 r, e4 x+ o(10) deliberate archaism, copying for pedagogical purposes, and the production of commercial facsimiles4 B6 W" i. Q1 o2 ?# y
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The greater part of Fake? is devoted to a Chronological survey suggesting that faking feeds on the many different motives people have for collecting2 u+ y" @. w1 _4 K. M
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(15) art, and that, on the whole, the faking of art flourishes whenever art collecting flourishes. In imperial Rome there was a widespread interest in collecting earlier Greek art, and therefore in faking it. No doubt many of the seulptures now exhibited as "Roman copies" were |