GMAT考试写作指导：Issue写作范文二五

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25.        Is the most effective management approach to hire the best people, then to give
them as much autonomy as possible to serve the firm's goals? This strategy would
certainly enhance an employee's sense of involvement, purpose and personal worth. It
would also benefit the firm by encouraging employees to work creatively and
productively. But the strategy requires two constraints to operative effectively.
# c7 ~+ c4 K) e) x( |      First, the strategy must be constrained .by strong leadership that provides clear
vision and direction. Simply putting the most capable people together, and letting them
4 V; T, Q+ N. eloose on projects will provide neither. Thinking so involves the mistaken assumption
that just because the parts of a whole are good, the collection of the parts into a whole
7 t6 q) O) d6 c6 }* t0 w4 _will be equally good. Business organizations are more than just the sums of their
excellent parts; to be similarly excellent, the organization must also be unified and
$ |" \6 u: }( Q  l! _) xcohesive. And it is strong and visionary leadership that provides these two ingredients.
2 @, Q; A* l7 n6 O: r      Second, the strategy must be constrained by an organizational structure that brings
: @7 a8 V& V4 O4 E0 jall individual efforts together as a coherent whole. Of course, structure can be crippling
! H2 `; E! g) M( p5 ]0 S& h8 `heavily layered, overly bureaucratic organizations probably stifle more creative
5 H* {2 N! c: o# X/ ^# ^! iproductivity than they inspire. Still, individuals will be capable at some things and not
others, so some organization of efforts is always called for. The moderate—and perhaps
optimal—approach would be to create a structure that gives individuals some authority
5 k' h6 A( L( J6 g' Aacross areas relating to their field of expertise, while reserving final authority for higher-
$ w; {/ j4 M9 clevel managers. For example, no individual in a finance department should have much
0 B0 f) Q( ?3 z' [authority over a design department. However, within the design department, individual
researchers, artists, drafters, and engineers can all contribute meaningfully to one
+ x2 \3 Z& [1 s# \( o# V" Oanother's projects, and a flexible organizational structure would allow them to do so.
      In sum, the advice to hire the best people and give them wide authority requires
  n7 d1 w. p7 c2 x* ^1 tmodification. Hiring capable people and granting them some concurrent authority
% L7 r& e, g+ ~2 [9 d1 e  w! C+ sacross areas related to their expertise is better advice. Moreover, solid leadership and a
cohesive organizational structure are prerequisites—both are needed to coordinate
/ n, u3 C: Z+ @individual efforts toward the accomplishment of common goals.