GMAT考试写作指导：Issue写作范文五五

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55.        I agree that supervisors should under most circumstances merely tell subordinates
what to do, but not necessarily how to do it. Of course, employees need adequate
training in order to do a job. But beyond that, trusting employees to discover and
develop their own methods for meeting a supervisor's expectations can produce
2 {% |6 F+ @* Y2 F7 G9 c* Psurprising rewards that outweigh any pitfalls of such an approach.
# m7 ?$ E% J4 k; g5 p3 ~      First of all, restraint in directing the how-to aspect of a project signals the
supervisor's confidence in an employee's intelligence and abilities. Sensing this
# O1 B2 F3 r8 Econfidence, the subordinate will often respond with his or her best work. This
: m6 C5 b( F& m9 s7 Q) k; Wphenomenon lends truth to the adage that people rise to the level of what others expect
$ t) \* l+ a- N. X8 efrom them.
  x5 Q. M2 n% Y      Secondly, by allowing a subordinate to decide how best to attain an objective, a
0 W6 h. p5 R6 Y/ p0 w1 u6 {supervisor imparts a larger share of responsibility for the project to the subordinate. This
0 e3 W4 B. t3 falleviates some of the burden from the supervisor, who may have more time for other
tasks as a result. At the same time, when the subordinate shares in the responsibility, he
or she will probably feel more accountable for how the job turns out. The result is likely
: r7 |8 s% e9 k9 Tto be better job performance.
- V! Y1 R9 q( W      Thirdly, directing every step of a project often blocks a worker's own creativity, as
well as creating animosity. Except in the training of a new worker with little or no
5 ~7 X) {; z/ n' m0 U2 c. T. P' X( U' wexperience, it would be naive and arrogant for any supervisor to assume there is one and
! }$ I7 }* {0 L& yonly one best way--the supervisor's own way--to get a job done. A bright, competent
subordinate is likely to resent being led by the hand like a child. Allowing employees to
# N( Z. M6 h- ]3 v0 v$ y* z$ Schoose their own means and methods will spark their ingenuity in ways that enhance
% D( G8 C, [) J/ q6 P( o! ~productivity now and in the future, and will foster goodwill and mutual respect in the
workplace.
      In sum, telling a subordinate how to do a job is rarely the best management
approach. Instead, supervisors should assign tasks without directing each step. When
9 j  W% z6 m5 o" g; W. D: e# ^4 [employees are left to choose methods for completing work, they will be bolstered by the
5 W+ t7 I! J$ J! u4 n) x3 O5 A% fsupervisor's trust, motivated to greater creativity and inclined to feel accountable for
outcomes.