第4部分:阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,共45分)
# V, ?4 C m% x- c( c- i 下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案,涂在答题卡相应的位置上。: a- n( m* `/ M
第一篇, d9 Y% k& `0 d% z* {
Two People,Two Paths$ m v" \1 ]/ Z, F% t/ N- F
You must be familiar with the situation:Dad’s driving,Mum’s telling him where to go.He’s
7 }: i3 K4 a$ l% Y$ ^% @ sure that they need to turn 1eft.But she says it’s not for another two blocks.Who has the better( B" } P; A4 k. r
sense of direction?Men or women?7 H3 V% E' i! Y: W. ^
They both do,a new study says.but in different ways.4 h9 Z( q6 C8 U2 _/ i
Men and women.Canadian researchers have found,have different methods of finding their7 j; R0 k# i$ B W/ @
way.Men look quickly at landmarks f地标)and head off in what they think is the right direction
+ ^: r: f- M Z Women.however.try to picture the whole route in detail and then f01low the path in their head,
, a+ Y" C* T5 ~& K7 a+ X “Women tend to be more detailed.”said Edward Cornell,who led the study。“while men$ m( v" I: j( W* K: e& h- A
tend to be a little bit faster and…a little bit more intuitive(直觉感知的)”
9 ?/ T9 e3 ^; y In fact.said Cornell.“sense of direction”isn’t one skill but two.8 T# ?9 k) T. f1 \
The first is the“survey method,’.This is when you see an area from above,such as a printed9 P" u) U3 d2 q/ c P
map You can see.for example,where the hospital is,where the church is and that the3 u4 }0 Y' W6 g! u. p
supermarket is on its right6 @, A5 k+ i' V6 n2 n0 b
The second skill is the“route method”This is when you use a series of directions.Yon start
9 c" t1 h2 V- Y0 b1 p from the hospital.then turn 1eft.turn right,go uphill—and then you see the supermarket.
( H2 v; [/ Y) Y/ w4 n Men are more likely to use the survey method while women are more likely to use one route) ?& E9 ?6 ~# b4 m- i
and follow directions( n+ N0 ?8 \, N; G+ B: j! [
Both work.and neither is better2 B. r. Y* S# Q3 P! b
Some scientists insist that these different skills have a long history.They argue it is because' v. p* I) v( f. G
of the difference in traditional roles.' t7 W" V: @' X: `* ^, W
In ancient times.young men often went far away with the older men to fish or hunt The trip
+ L: M4 }: _& h; T3 x! G' @0 X; Z took hours or days and covered unfamiliar places.The only way to know where you were was to
( z9 n( f3 p5 G3 Q, m use the survey method to remember landmarks—the mountains.the 1akes and so on.
# S' ]+ B( L2 w7 J The women,on the other hand,took young girls out to find fruits and plants.These# p3 J6 [$ l3 M9 c$ ^; W
activities were much closer to home but required learning well—used paths.So,women’s sense of space was based on learning certain routes
4 ~! U* `4 D0 I1 Y1 R 31 When finding his way Dad tends to rely on
' H: y" ?/ \; \" M7 P: ] A his intuitive knowledge- z0 x2 `3 Z1 q0 p' b4 n5 R( ~
B his book knowledge.
1 x3 N+ g* B' c( w0 ^ C Mum’s assistance. J5 J- ?: H" E o3 k; {$ [! O
D the police’s assistance,( H/ ] E/ b1 c. z- P& }
32 Women are more likely to use
) M( t! m! c" R5 P. j# X A 山e survey method* n1 W0 ?" i7 k- [0 i' Z
B the traditional method.
# G9 b/ V6 M ~9 H( U% _ C the route method M* }2 @6 X& Q
D the right method.
5 Y6 e6 F# p3 a6 e$ ^# t2 e 33 Which works better.the route method or the survey method?
- s) X) u( i: T( a A The survey method+ L. }( W$ ~" V, r7 X4 X4 ^
B 111e route method.* s6 X0 l6 [3 z0 P' A/ }
C Either.
8 A4 h1 ]" k+ E9 J D Neither) x; {$ a# a l$ x
34 Which of the following is NOT a landmark?
$ C- _- k% e% I A Along river.3 T8 G9 f! F ~; ^' U$ ~
B A high mountain.* I+ y& ?7 S$ x
C A magnificent church' D. Y4 g; p' E6 Y$ V
D A path in your head
e) E! P q. E c 35 Women developed a sense of space out of the need0 v6 Q4 R, a/ c O
A to go fishing.- u, `- }% C7 i9 a; Y4 E: e( Q
B to go hunting.8 Y! I3 Z/ S# `! D a
C to learn well-used paths.* Y' R7 a% |7 b& q
D to go swimming. |