Science research
3 b* J6 p% i- ^: | Science research can be divided in to basic science ,also known as pure science, and applied science . In basic science, science working primary at academic institutions pursues research simply to satisfy the thirst for knowledge . In applied science , scientists at industrial corporations conduct research to achieve some kind of practical or profitable gain. , I K) R( g x: R, o
In practice, the division between basic and applied science is not always clearcut. This is because discoveries that initially seem to have no practical use often develop one as time goes by .For example ,superconductivity , the ability to conduct electricity with no resistance, was little more than a laboratory curiosity when Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes discovered it in 1911.Today superconducting electromagnets are used in an everincreasing number of important applications, from diagnostic medical equipment to powerful particle accelerators. 7 k- `% h$ d- x2 {5 J9 k9 e0 E! K
Scientists study the origin of the solar system by analyzing meteorites and collecting data from satellites and space probes. They search for the secrets of life processes by observing the activity of individual molecules in living cells .They observe the patterns of human relationships in the customs of aboriginal tribes. In each of these varied investigations the questions asked and the means employed to find answers are different. All the inquires, however ,,share a common approach to problem solving known as the scientific method .Scientists may work alone or they may collaborate with other scientists. In all cases, a scientists’ work must measure up to the standards of the scientific community. Scientists submit their findings to science forums(论坛),such as science journals and conferences, in order to subject the findings to the scrutiny(详细审查)of their peers. $ ~3 O6 D* M7 F( G
1. In applied science , scientists work in order to
6 v2 H8 A0 X) C5 e8 a9 x! [ A. make it more advanced than basic science
5 P) H: T% X, V0 U B. get something beneficial and make a profit. ) _# G; H- A& O) t" G/ B
C. satisfy the desire to know more about the universe.
& H0 P* ~" p' Q* H$ w D.change the function of adevice. 6 \ d/ h# d% ^
2. The writer uses the example of superconductivity to tell us that
9 Q! S9 ?# n" _4 y9 e2 A A. that superconductivity can be used in diagnostic medical equipment.
% J0 |" y( `4 y7 p B. that superconductivity can be used in powerful particle accelerators.
; i$ W; d1 i8 b! g! U, _# t: K C. that it is Heike Kameerligh Onnes who discovered superconductivity .
8 y# ~( g0 X! v# @ D. that pure science can be turned into applied science as time goes by.
7 |& N1 A# d3 c# e) h8 b/ Q$ _ 3.All scientists are the same because they
+ f K* t; w6 r _$ D0 s A. search for details by analyzing data ) c7 e# ]2 b9 T
B. try to tell the secrets of the universe. 3 t7 z; g# d: }* [0 N2 z
C. obey the rules set by their forefathers in the scientific world. " S5 ?. V; f5 d4 E, q+ O8 S# s% W3 \
D. Adopt the scientific method when solving problems.
9 ~: G/ E9 s: F 4.What is the advantage of publishing the science papers in a science forum? & H$ A6 f. ~& l; v/ F; B
A. they will be appreciated by the public .
( x+ Y0 o& q. |: p B. they will be tested by other scientists.
8 t r0 r) N/ Z# o" u! s" ^ C. they will bring the author a lot of money. - U9 f* z* x. i
D. they will be ratified as the truth by the authorities. 6 W5 W8 F2 a G" ~( H4 N8 M
5.What does the writer want to show us in the passage? . {& d$ X$ g/ y; H
A. pure science and applied science.
a/ C2 {7 `6 P p B. How scientists work. # `& M% x9 a5 @/ W, I( b
C. scientific method.
) n: M3 d) e6 E& X D. The discovery of Heike Kameerligh Onnes. |
发表于 2012-8-15 23:30:26
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