2.跟在名词后面作定语,如:4 X C6 w( `+ `/ Z* c9 r
the ability to operate the machine操作机器的能力the first(second...1ast)people t0 speak第一个(第2个,…最后一个)发育的人
8 ^. C3 k$ y) P 3.跟在be动词的后面作表语,如:2 F, K/ J! a; f4 o$ v
What 1 want to do is to have a sightseeing(表语)around Be.jing.我想做的是在北京观光旅行。
4 w ?7 N$ Y) a5 z* h. t 4.跟在及物动词的后面作其宾语
* r5 c$ I, @8 ~2 h" i I enjoy talking t0 you.(宾语)能和你谈话我真高兴。
1 A6 n) M( J7 g* E0 P They dont permit smoking(宾语)in the public places.他们不允许在公众场合吸烟。$ ^# I( P) ^4 @4 f5 I
5.对宾语的性质,特征等进行补充说明,作宾语补足语,如:
9 B* [. R, a' o" v( V" ], P; p) D) E' [ We have persuaded him to accept our proposal.一(宾语补足语)我们已经说服他接受了我们的建议。
/ Q# ^* g& A+ b" M2 J 在使役动词和感官动词的后面常带不to的不定式结构作宾语补足语:
2 `: \8 t; _: _% s have(let/make/feel/hear/watch/see/observe)sb.do sthhelp sb.do sth.. e! Q% ^. v( K- J3 H2 y( D
6.作状语。不定式结构在句子中通常充当结果状语和目的状语。如:, G3 I7 X. b) b! E3 V, D
He spent much time 0n his studies to be a top student.一(目的状语)为了成为班上的优等生,他在学习上花了很多的时间He came there to find his friends had left.(结果状语)他到了那里结果发现他的朋友已经走了。
6 b" D j: G& X: c4 D& b# l0 ? 7.作为主语补足语,补充说明主语的性质,特征等,如:3 _% Z8 d$ W1 Q: Y. s. s
He is supposed to come here(主语补足语)tomorrow.他应该明天到这里。* @! |7 {4 c+ b; s. h* c b# S" W! G
He is said t0 have great talent for art.(主语补足语)据说他在艺术方面很有才华。* h% l/ l% |* F( Q
8.常接不定式作宾语的动词:
7 x6 u5 q5 v' `$ s+ |! I agree,afford,aim,arrange,appear,ask,attempt,choose,claim,decide,desire,determine.expect,fail,guarantee,hope,endeavor,intend,long,mean,manage,offer,,plan,pledge,pretend,promise,proceed,prove,resolve,refuse,request,swear,tend,try,wait,wish1 {7 R- K& ~" z' _) |
9.不定式的习惯用法:, a0 N& ]/ d9 ]: d- O0 E6 E
句型:cannot choose but docanl help but
, B/ B2 h- n. s) _5 a! V% U can d0 nothing but do have no choice/alternative but to do' q5 r3 A' u5 u: [! f3 y, L) D
might as wellwould rather
$ L/ ]0 z" y- ?2 _4 g 难点解析! M+ c% S6 o5 t/ \
1.接不定式或动名词在意思上有区别的动词:
! c- [7 N8 v% f$ I/ F fmean to do想要(做某事)propose to d0打算(做某事)
$ }9 _$ Y5 O c9 X7 ^7 Y9 P! Z8 ~ mean doing意味(做某事)propose doing建议(做某事); x; ? w8 D( o* ^; A" c
fforget to do忘记(要做的事)remember to do记得(要做某事), `) b/ y6 Y4 h
forget doing忘记(已做的事)remember doing记得(已做过的事)
8 Y, [0 i3 a8 q4 |* v0 | N regret to do(对将要做的事)遗憾go on t0 do继而(做另一件事)
0 N- D: x3 A! P y: d g6 s7 _ regret doing(对已做过的事)后悔g0 on doing继续(做原来的事)7 N& }) e. t+ Y0 I, t& e
fstop to do停下来去做另一件事
/ h, y) P3 B; D4 I+ E' L stop doing停止正在做的事" H9 f3 K' x* S0 U& j
2.下列动词短语中的to是介词,后面应接动名词或名词:
k& k; B" r$ }$ f' V+ d 0bject to,resort to,react to,contribute to,look forward to,be accustomed to,be committed to.be ex.
6 }/ q( s) ?) W" T' d posed to,be subjected t0,be devoted to,be dedicated to,be opposed to,be reconciled to.be contrary to </p> |