考试辅导：2012年职称英语英语句型语序技巧（1）

会计考友

　　为了突出句子的某个部分，我们可以使用强调句式。
! M* I1 f# s" [. y　　常见的强调句结构是it 引导的句子。
1 ^  b( j" c9 }. e9 V# l. K　　It is (was) 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分。
4 Q5 g- h1 x: c7 X- V1 v9 X　　此结构强调的成分仅限于主语，宾语和状语。
: |! x3 K) O  `1 S+ d7 q　　It is from the sun that we get light and heat.
　　It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs.
' U4 B! }2 X- V( y! v　　使用此句型时, 应注意以下几点。
: ^7 O9 q8 T) R% k　　(1) 一般情况用It is(was)……that…如:
+ P2 l& B& d2 v) O; n6 g　　He read three books in the library yesterday.
# q9 Q8 C: i1 U( f( q) z) b　　我们分别可以强调主语、宾语、地点状语和时间状语。如:
! u5 \" V7 ~% r3 d　　It was he who(that)read three books in the library yesterday. (强调主语)
1 ^3 z! B) M' b' m( V3 N# Y　　It was three books that he read in the library yesterday. (强调宾语)
% @) v7 J+ W6 o$ j/ ]0 ^　　It was in the library that he read three books yesterday. (强调时间状语)
5 j' }) l  [, c: p% P　　(2) 当被强调部分指人时, 可用that, 也可用who; 指物时, 只用that, 如:
　　It was Tom who(that)I met last week.
　　It is a new boke that his brother wants to buy.
1 @! x3 _5 K8 Y　　(3) 强调状语时, 只用that, 不用when、where. 如:
& @! x  [: ?  z, |& m2 ~　　It is at 5 o'clock that the train will arrive.
$ \- A. ?# U- D/ s9 m% r　　(4) 被强调的部分是主语时, 注意句子的谓语动词和被强调的主语保持一致。如:
& [2 ?1 n# R2 F1 n6 J　　It is he who is late. 　It is they that were late.
& g3 Q" h  i* C) I: s　　(5) 一般疑问句的强调句为"Is (was) it + that…?"; 特殊疑问句为: "特殊疑问词+ is (was) +that…?"结构。如:
　　Was it ten years ago that his father died?他的父亲是十年前去世的吗?
! H) C- q8 R4 c　　When is it that you will set off?你到底什么时候出发?
　　(6) "not…until…"句型的强调结构为"It is not until…that…"应注意把否定词not转移到until前面。如:
　　I didn't go home until rain stopped. 直到雨停了我才回家。
4 b; p. h8 d8 U3 H7 h　　强调句为: It was not until rain stopped that I went home.
　　I didn't know the news until yesterday. 直到昨天我才知道那个消息。
　　强调句为: It was not until yesterday that I knew the news.
　　原句: 　My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
　　强调主语: It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
　　强调宾语: It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.
# m9 a' Q7 d; q. y0 R$ V, `　　强调时间: It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when)
+ |! X' {: _; N　　强调地点: It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.
* u* m8 Y. A, M0 X% n1 o　　C.倒装句：(这是我们在阅读文章时常见到的句式。)
　　英语中主语在前谓语在后的语序称为自然语序。由于语法、修辞的需要谓语置于主语之前，称为全部倒装; 助动词、情态动词等移到主语之前而主要动词仍然在主语之后的，称作半倒装。 全部倒装和半倒装的句子统称倒装句。