点击二(***):感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice等后既可接不带to的不定式作宾补,也可用v-ing形式作宾补。前者表示动作已结束,后者表示动作正在发生。试比较:
6 v; c- f8 T7 C# `: D He saw a girl get on the bus. 他看见一个女孩上车了(上车的动作已经结束)
# m2 O* V Y+ h He saw a girl getting on the bus. 他看见一个女孩在上车(上车的动作正在进行)。) ~! P$ s7 R9 D6 f5 t
在语法的第一讲里,我向各位学员介绍了英语中有关句子的一些基本情况和“家族”中的一部分成员-----主要是简单句,在今天这一讲里,我将继续给大家介绍句子“家族”中的另外一些“成员”——并列句和复合句。6 T7 u" U6 c+ B1 @' @ K5 }# r
A. 并列句:(compound sentence)0 Q+ M- S6 Q2 k# c7 t0 b7 b- s
由两个或两个以上相互不依从的句子构成。并列句的各个分句之前通常用并列连词连接,并列连词前可用逗号,也可不用。其结构为:简单句+并列连词+简单句。) F5 `! `: Z1 e q7 V5 m( w
主要并列连词有:and, but, or, for, so, while, however, either...or, neither...nor, not only…but also, both…and 等
4 N3 i5 v; V: }: I& g" P 主要并列连词的用法
9 a1 u; _4 [, h: N0 u. e 1 and: 意为“和,而且”,表示同等关系或递进关系
" E; Q1 M. J* J5 h0 F |% `) ~ 1>. I went there by train and she went there by plane. 我乘火车去那里的,她乘飞机去那里的。
# {9 w5 I6 b* l. y& X" ~ 2>. Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher. 她父亲是医生,她母亲是教师。
& h' {: |3 \/ q$ S, g7 M 3>. Tom finished his homework, and they went out to play games. 汤姆做完了作业,他们就出去玩游戏了。
8 n' X$ t' i) Z" I2 ]/ x, [ 2 but: 意为“但是”,表示转折关系。
7 b4 |) A `% S5 x% F* S/ z 1>. She is very old but she is in good health. 她年纪很大了,但身体很好。6 G, P: u9 W6 y7 H4 B8 o0 }) ~
2>. He is poor, but he is happy. 他穷,但是他幸福。' J& ?$ o% x1 _
3>. The man shouted to the policemen, but they didn't hear him.
8 D+ C6 @5 B4 e( v 4>. Some people don't like summer, but I quite like it. 有些人不喜欢夏天,但是我很喜欢。
& b( m' d; Y1 N, D: W) p' h9 [8 e9 [ 3 or: 意为“或者,否则”,表示选择关系。
' B4 y# z9 W( ?+ k! I6 b7 P$ ~ 1>. Are you going with us or will you stay at home? 你同我们一起去,还是呆在家里呢?8 P4 P5 D4 v2 Z# G* Y
2>. The students can go swimming or they can go mountain climbing.! \& p; P3 v% d D$ s" f
学生们可以去游泳,也可以去爬山。
* K, S0 D* r) }% t: y 3>. You'd better go by taxi, or you will be late. 你最好乘出租车去,否则要迟到了。
6 Q% o( T8 z; M2 A6 _7 G4 q 4 for:表示“因为,表示因果关系”。是“前果后因”。, }" v, [1 g' w3 c
1>. He is late for class every day, for he gets up late every day.* L2 e: ^5 ^9 \
2>. We passed the exam, for we studied very hard.
6 w* }2 z+ V# ]. f 5. so: 因此,也表示因果关系,是“前因后果。”# \$ ~! a; z' `0 l
1>. He gets up late every day, so he I slate for school every day.
: e6 Y* V# p( V( }& S @ 2>. We studied very hard, so we passed the exam.: j. Q! H7 e) A: x f
6. not only...but also意为“不但……而且”,表示同等关系。! C+ V* R7 g% E9 ?
1>. Not only can he drive a car, but he can also repair cars. 他不但会开车,而且还会修车。# r' Q( |! H; t9 a: r* j
2>. He was not only a good father, but he was also a good husband. 他不仅是个好父亲,也是个好丈夫。
" }& M5 G+ I8 a0 w+ f 7. either...or意为“不是……就是,或者……或者”,表示选择关系. ] u& j# T9 k8 G9 p
1>. You can either do it by yourself or you can ask someone else to do it.
5 Z* H0 _5 l. o! x 你或者自己做这件事,或者请别人做这件事。
, t+ ?: J1 u; s5 f& l4 N 2>. Either the teacher didn't explain the sentence clearly, or I didn't understand it.
: q* r d3 n6 A- ? 不是老师没有把这个句子解释清楚,就是我没有理解。 |