考试辅导：2012年职称英语英语句型语序技巧（8）

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　　二.原因状语从句
- ^6 r0 H! W6 ]  [　　I) because, since,和as引导的原因状语从句
, {2 `: ~+ s' Q7 ]7 R5 I3 g　　1. 其中because语气最强，多表示所述理由是本句重点，强调别人未知的事实，故because引导的从句多放在句末，回答why的问句时，只能用because。
7 z$ @( ^7 l2 z. n; F3 T2 j　　在语气上since次之，as最弱。since和as表示的原因，多是已知的既成事实，原因以外的才是叙述的重点，因而两者多用于句首。
  k% y! E5 i+ I5 E8 w　　As it is raining, let’s stay indoors.
1 `3 k- O4 N: Q/ O* M  ?# L8 Y　　Since you have no license, you are not allowed to drive.
2 }( \- C2 ^5 C　　用强调句式强调原因状语从句时，只能用because引导。
1 {/ f2 i/ i* k! t. v  O　　It was because he was careless that he failed.
　　在because引导的从句中，如果主句是否定句，而主句和后面的从句之间没有逗号分开，这时not 修饰的是后面的整个从句。
　　The machine did not stop because the fuel was used up.
) H* L* {7 }$ a' `8 w　　机器停了下来，并不是因为燃料用光了。
" o( z# @& n3 J$ F　　如果主句和从句间用逗号分开，意思就不同了。
　　I was not kind to him, because he was rude. 我对他不友好，因为他无礼。
. y$ k+ w6 B8 y7 H) R　　II) for 和because 的区别
　　because 表示因果关系，语气最强;而for引导的是并列句，它只是对前面分句进行解释， 说明推断的理由，并且只能后置。
  I. ^' L# a. F) A4 o2 r　　It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning.
　　(该句不能用because, 因为现在地面湿不是导致昨夜下雨的原因)
　　It is morning, for the birds are singing. 天亮了， 鸟儿在鸣叫。
　　(鸟鸣不能引起天亮，所以本句不能用because代替for)
! G, s+ K; ^1 ^4 r3 R6 }+ q　　三.结果状语从句
　　so … that, such … that, so,等引导出结果状语从句
　　注：I) 注意so和such后面跟的词。其常见情况为：
' K/ d( E. Q4 o' P4 ?" E　　so + adj. / adv.+ that; he is so clever that everyone likes him.
　　such a (an) + adj. + n. + that( =so +adj. +a(an) + n. +that)
0 }: G: j/ \" N9 Z$ Z　　such + n. (可数名词复数或不可数名词) + that
　　若名词前的修饰语为many, much, few, little则用so,不用such.
& q' C7 `% A' [# x　　There is so much homework to do that I can’t play computer games today.
　　There is such lot of homework to do that I can’t play computer games today.
+ R3 F3 X: {$ l3 X9 `' T+ E7 v　　四.目的状语从句
　　I) so that, in order that和in case, lest 等引导的目的状语从句
　　so that , in order that 常与may, can, could, might等情态动词连用
　　In order that he shouldn’t wake up his wife, he came in quietly.
　　Ⅱ) in case, lest 引导的目的状语从句多用虚拟语气结构：should + v. 原形，意为“以防”、“以免”。 例如：
　　He ran away lest he (should) be caught.
　　I hid the book in case she should see it. 我把书藏起来，以防被她看到。