2012年职称英语考试阅读辅导资料五

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Diet is second only to tobacco as a leading cause of cancer and, along with alcohol, is responsible for nearly one third of cases of the disease in developed countries, a leading researcher said on Tuesday.
* Q7 W9 E; W. M    Dr. Tim Key, of the University of Oxford, told a cancer conference that scientists are still discovering how certain foods contribute to cancer, but they know that diet, alcohol and obesity play a major role.
    "Five percent of cancers could be avoided if nobody was obese," he said.
    While tobacco is blinked to about 30 percent of cancer cases, diet is involved in an estimated 25 percent and alcohol in about six percent.
" v2 X2 E& T; [    Obesity raises the risk if breast, wind, bowel and kidney cancer, while alcohol is known to cause cancers of the mouth, throat and liver. Its dangerous impact is increased when combined with smoking.
/ ?/ |+ M: B3 U& N' h: v3 M    Key told the meeting of the charity Cancer Research UK that other elements of diet linked to cancer are still unknown but scientists are hopping that the EPIC study, which is comparing the diets of 500,000 people in 10 countries and their risk of cancer, will provide some answer.
6 A7 ]& N- f; P( O" ~  V    Early results of the study have revealed that Norway, Sweden and Denmark have the lowest consumption of fruit and vegetables among European countries while Italy and Spain have the highest. Eating at least five portions of fruit and vegetables a day is recommended to reduce the risk of cancer.
    Key, principal scientist on the EPIC study, said it is looking at dietary links to some of the most common cancers including colorectal, breast and prostate. [卫生类C]
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                   饮食，酒精与大约三分之一的癌症有关
     
1 K% T# v4 c0 y, I" [8 c, W7 G* w    一位重要的研究者在星期二说，饮食是仅次于吸烟的导致癌症的原因，在发达国家饮食和酒精导致了大约1/3的癌症。
) Z: ~: C/ c' ?; x    牛津大学的提姆·凯博士在癌症会议上说，科学家们正在研究特定的食物是怎样导致癌症的，但是他们知道，饮食、酒精和肥胖起了很大作用。
    他说：“如果没有肥胖的人，癌症能够减少5％。”
) p' m- e$ f) t% r    然而吸烟和大约30％的癌症有关，饮食和大约25％的癌症有关，酒精和大约6％的癌症有关。
9 `6 g7 Y2 r( E$ n, D- a' A# W) V    肥胖增加了乳腺、子宫、肠和肾脏得癌症的危险，而人们知道酒精会导致嘴、喉咙和肝脏的癌症。以上因素如果和抽烟共同发生，危险性就会更大。
1 M# \. X9 H6 m% N4 ^    凯在英国慈善癌症研究会议上说，人们还不知道与癌症相关的饮食中的其他因素，但是科学家们希望EPIC研究能够给出答案。EPIC研究正在比较10个国家50万人的饮食和患癌症的比例。
    这个研究的早期结果揭示挪威、瑞典和丹麦消费水果和蔬莱的量在欧洲国家中是最低的，而意大利和西班牙的水果和蔬菜消费量是最大的。专家推荐每天至少食用五份水果和蔬菜来减少得癌症的风险。
# k0 ^7 \& p, x    EPIC研究的带头科学家——凯说他们现在正在关注饮食和一些非常普遍的癌症之间的联系，包括直肠癌、乳腺癌和前列腺癌。[卫生类C]