名词的数: 重点应了解和掌握以下内容:
0 Q" } @" F3 s. @' T 1、名词的可数和不可数:' m& l9 g* m4 Z
与汉语不同,英语中名词要区分可数与不可数。8 ^, A" j/ D3 S* p: T8 E$ W
笼统地讲,物质名词,如:water(水), iron(铁), wood(木头)等, 和抽象名词,如:democracy(民主), freedom(自由), happiness(幸福)等为不可数。( k' k9 l0 y$ B( [
不可数名词前不能加a (an),后面不能加s (es),这是考试中对此类题目判断的重要依据。
0 J8 V* i) y4 x' E# K) w! k9 N 2、以下名词为不可数名词:
9 V" q& m( p2 a/ t/ L& `. n news(消息) information(信息)4 m' U# y3 T+ D; z, G: B1 h
furniture (家具) equipment(设备)2 t. I* V( a* y( g
advice (劝告) weather(天气)
1 i" ]7 L) q6 v( z work*(工作) clothing(衣服)6 E7 ?, d. C" i5 G0 C
baggage(行李)
/ B' b( L' V0 A( W work作 "工作" 解释时为不可数名词,"找工作"不能说to find a work, 应为to find a job; work作"著作"、"作品"解时是可数名词,如:Deng Xiaopin's works (邓小平著作)/ a work about Deng* ]+ {6 c; p5 y! m1 H% I
Xiaopin (一件关于邓小平的作品);作 "工厂" 解释时,单复数同形:a steel works (一个钢铁厂) / two chemical works(两家化工厂)
) K y3 a% L {2 o3 N 实例:. W+ u+ j1 h& I8 \
We have a large staff but there ______ in the office.+ u3 ]. j* }& |$ b8 Z6 v
A. haven't many furnitures
7 j+ J- l" z8 y B. aren't many furnitures
7 b, S' _7 S# \: } C. hasn't much furniture
: O' n/ G D9 T- X+ [ D. isn't enough furniture
, c9 Q; q! }( q6 I4 u1 g' L 解题思路:根据名词数的概念A、B肯定错,不必考虑;C、D的主要差异是"hasn't"与 "isn't", 句子中有there,说明该句是there be句型,故正确答案为D.题中staff, office 等词与解题无关。
w% g" c# \2 P' Z' R* L8 _ 注意辨别句子中斜体词的数及其意义:8 ]- q' k# y- n0 n4 |0 M- y: c; e
There is still much room for improvement. (仍有许多改进的余地)
9 s) ]. n; u M He has published two important papers on this subject. (他在这个课题上已发表了两篇重要论文。) |