五个基本句型 ) l& h) F6 [: ~0 H: B b7 J
根据动词的特性,构成英语中五个基本句型:
2 n$ s& b+ z! p5 M6 l% K 1) 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 ) ^; @4 D( d4 A: f7 w
2) 主语 + 不及物动词 (+ 其他成分) 来自www.Examw.com
4 I5 [5 c \# y0 A 3) 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语
4 j* |2 p0 d. l2 ?0 d7 a! u. w 4) 主语 + 及物动词 + 双宾语 1 |4 J5 c$ `% V( Z! W3 _$ C7 ~
5) 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 . \9 U* w; n, q; Y
我们在学习5个基本句型时,主要关心每个句型中的出题点在哪里。
* `2 V+ r; U/ E. y; k H7 v (一)第一句型:主语 + 系动词 + 表语 4 R2 [" G1 U! l
1) 系动词一般为be 动词。
3 r; t! S3 n2 d4 g2 O 注意:look, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, become, come, go, turn, grow, keep, seem, stand等词可以作"半系动词"用,按行为动词方式变化,起系动词的作用。
5 s( M' X* w. x* g 试验比较: 3 o8 S, \# w- }7 ~
—— He felt the pockets thoroughly but did not find a single penny.(他摸遍了口袋但没有找到一分钱。—— feel为行为动词) ( G4 H: [( E& m
—— You look pale. Do you feel unwell? (你脸色苍白,感到不舒服?—— look / feel为系动词) 0 y: r+ S+ p7 P2 X4 a
一般来说,动词后面跟的是个形容词或名词,该动词为系动词, 如:The plan sounds perfect. / The flower smells nice. / The dish tastes delicious. / It is getting dark.
' D }9 `+ V2 l( U/ z 实例: ' d- q6 e5 x9 a- R s
"Don’t worry. Let me take your pulse first." "Oh, it ______ normal." (脉搏正常) 9 W4 X( p9 U! S7 b5 A% a
A. is felt
7 K6 ~; o# d d( h x( y0 |1 }: M' e B. is feeling
2 @, ~: L& j. L" h0 I2 t! i, \! } C. feels
1 c! `4 h0 f5 D& _5 c7 s D. felt : \& M! b) h8 g7 }" \
解题思路:normal为形容词,前面应为系动词;系动词没有被动语态,故A不对; look, feel, sound, taste, smell, seem等半系动词一般不用进行时,B也不对;D时态错了,故正确答案为C. # _, q: {# U7 n9 @ x8 k4 r
2)there be是英语中非常重要的一个句型: there是引导词,不解释 "那里"; 这是个倒装句, 主语在be动词的后面, be动词的单复数由后面的主语决定。 + H# r0 X1 N) L8 t3 I, w4 K/ ?9 w
注意中国学生容易搞错的问题:
5 ^* Q6 j1 F9 I4 ? There isn’t enough furniture in the room.(房间里家具不够) www.ExamW.CoM& }/ {( O, D( X" g* R6 j
错:There hasn’t enough furniture in the room.
5 [! l4 l# A) B3 i There is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in China.(毫无疑问,中国已消灭天花。) / \) ~% [" x o* W
错:It is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in China. / H9 P% J- Z$ |! w
There is ample evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia. (充分证据表明,爱滋病正在亚洲迅速蔓延。—— 同位语从句) & h, ~, M- [7 o! h
错:It is evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia. (可以: It is evident that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia. - 主语从句) |