五个基本句型
& G# E; J3 N4 C0 K 根据动词的特性,构成英语中五个基本句型: % E: Y/ s1 N' @) |
1) 主语 + 系动词 + 表语
+ ?1 R% [# t9 m) e) I 2) 主语 + 不及物动词 (+ 其他成分) 来自www.Examw.com* K+ p% s4 i7 i
3) 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语
2 U3 }/ @% I q$ T' ? 4) 主语 + 及物动词 + 双宾语
! ~+ n( y {0 m5 {, P 5) 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
+ L& u6 q4 ~! Y, }% m: ] 我们在学习5个基本句型时,主要关心每个句型中的出题点在哪里。 * m- I$ U2 t/ {7 u* [
(一)第一句型:主语 + 系动词 + 表语
l% z& e; V) }* d G& i! g 1) 系动词一般为be 动词。
& ^- k( n) K& E& |# Q& l' S; q 注意:look, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, become, come, go, turn, grow, keep, seem, stand等词可以作"半系动词"用,按行为动词方式变化,起系动词的作用。
$ O9 R- S' A! K* ^. y 试验比较:
' x) Z* w2 Q9 K8 c —— He felt the pockets thoroughly but did not find a single penny.(他摸遍了口袋但没有找到一分钱。—— feel为行为动词)
2 L7 y) p9 B' Z' i; Z —— You look pale. Do you feel unwell? (你脸色苍白,感到不舒服?—— look / feel为系动词) ; U$ A% f/ z" y1 T! L$ Y
一般来说,动词后面跟的是个形容词或名词,该动词为系动词, 如:The plan sounds perfect. / The flower smells nice. / The dish tastes delicious. / It is getting dark.
+ j% D' k5 d. L; y 实例: ) i$ @6 x. }$ K, n% V
"Don’t worry. Let me take your pulse first." "Oh, it ______ normal." (脉搏正常)
4 j. z9 t$ v" c7 e1 d* |4 { A. is felt
; C8 X' z* D4 R' u5 q8 ~ B. is feeling . B1 c" g# X4 I
C. feels
1 l7 l( G+ c% I2 R; i$ i D. felt ; Z) [+ @" ?/ _2 {% J! G
解题思路:normal为形容词,前面应为系动词;系动词没有被动语态,故A不对; look, feel, sound, taste, smell, seem等半系动词一般不用进行时,B也不对;D时态错了,故正确答案为C.
0 [( k# t2 l, [5 P7 i 2)there be是英语中非常重要的一个句型: there是引导词,不解释 "那里"; 这是个倒装句, 主语在be动词的后面, be动词的单复数由后面的主语决定。 ; @$ G0 n9 ^; f6 W- B6 q
注意中国学生容易搞错的问题:
; i8 C* s" |( M- E R( X There isn’t enough furniture in the room.(房间里家具不够) www.ExamW.CoM+ C/ ^ x/ `0 f# A* @
错:There hasn’t enough furniture in the room.
f" {/ |# K9 I" I4 n# Y; d There is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in China.(毫无疑问,中国已消灭天花。) , J# g* y; e# E0 l& T" |
错:It is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in China.
* i3 Z/ B) b: c8 B* v2 C There is ample evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia. (充分证据表明,爱滋病正在亚洲迅速蔓延。—— 同位语从句)
2 N' X4 o: g0 g 错:It is evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia. (可以: It is evident that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia. - 主语从句) |