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[职称英语综合] 2013年职称英语考试语法讲解:句型中的语法分析05

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发表于 2012-8-15 23:36:10 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
时态的构成规律
5 b% H8 G8 z* s. O* w  英语通过对动词形式的变化来构成不同的时态和语态。主要是使用be和have作为标识,其构成是有规律的。Be的作用是用来构成进行时和被动语态。Have 用来构成完成时。两者合起来与动词可构成完成时的被动语态完成进行时。看例句(以work, follow为例):
: r! M9 o3 s1 O% Z; I- v& m  1)be: & D. z. ]2 H$ {  [1 M
  They are working.(现在进行)
8 }7 ~5 x# @2 j& x9 p  They were working.(过去进行) 3 x: W% l8 n0 L# k$ b( q
  They will be working.(将来进行) 来自www.Examw.com6 i7 L' Y) m5 B9 P9 e
  They are followed. (现在的被动)
% l2 o+ a8 F, Q; z3 G! M  They are being followed.(现在进行的被动)
' X% Y+ J$ r; m4 |7 g+ V  They were being followed.(过去进行的被动)
2 Q2 W4 j8 @& [0 G$ J# W0 M  They will be being followed.(将来进行的被动) . d( ^5 N: ^9 B# {* p0 s; `
  2) have ' P$ p1 @7 e0 M7 M7 @+ F
  They have worked.(现在完成) ) c: M- j2 W: o$ R
  They had worked.(过去完成) 1 F9 ^5 O: p% n& D
  They will have work.(将来完成)
6 s" p% E; e* \* B9 C7 M  3) have + be:
' k4 t# y& r; o( N' w' A' H  They have been working.(现在完成进行)
% \6 w; d2 Y9 S; i$ v  They had been working. (过去完成进行) . q' z* l3 M3 s' ?
  They will have been working.(将来完成进行)
  G: d; w" d) [& `8 \6 U! O  The work has been done. (现在完成被动) 9 u' d8 }1 v# B! z! B2 P3 W5 h
  The work had been done. (过去完成被动)
+ t6 R' U- ~3 B0 B6 t  The work will have been done. (将来完成被动)
/ p( F1 V0 H. |8 i; B8 J  The work has been being done. (现在完成进行的被动)
2 v0 Y+ W2 K; L9 {" x  t  The work had been being done (过去完成进行的被动)
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