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[职称英语综合] 2013年职称英语综合类重点语法解析(23)

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发表于 2012-8-15 23:36:10 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
2013年职称英语综合类重点语法解析(23)
$ O% L' P* B$ h# h0 m另一个关系副词是why,由于它固定与the reason搭配, 即: the reason why,不难理解,一般也不作为考试的重点。例如:: W  f( b/ n5 r( O5 ^1 `6 U
  This is the reason why the electronic computer cannot entirely replace man. 这就是(为什么)电子计算机不能完全代替人的原因。6 O& X" G8 z/ |8 w$ u% j; g
  whose (= of which / whom):做先行词(不管是人还是物)的定语,汉语为"…的",不要考虑是否是限制性或非限制性定语从句, 例如:
( F" V& H6 q' w) ], A# q  Pay attention to that boy whose temperature is very high. (理论上也可以写成:Pay attention to that boy the temperature of whom is very high. 注意那个男孩,他的体温很高。(非限制性) / 注意那个体温很高的男孩。(限制性)6 \8 Z: m, E' a# _
  介词 + which (whom)
2 P; m9 n4 G- D& R+ }# P1 H  先看两个句子:- B7 w, @6 P1 s# C; p
  This is the house. He has lived in the house for over 30 years.
: |0 Q& v1 I- z/ m8 J2 u  变为↓定语从句' m8 G& `  f  g; D
  This is the house in which he has lived for over 30 years.
% N% b% G- B3 R8 c  上述句子中,先行词在从句中充当介词宾语,形成"介词 + which / whom"的形式,考试时要求作出1)要不要介词;2)若要,使用什么介词的判断。由于英语中介词搭配多为习惯用法,没有多少规律可循,因此这是定语从句考试的一个难点。/ \/ e/ h, I+ }4 X* G
  记住四个字:瞻前顾后外语学习网
# Q. `* `8 u5 [+ l  瞻前:先看看先行词一般与什么介词搭配,例如:( }! i6 Q1 a! V# t$ s
  There are occasions _____ which joking is not permissible.8 v2 y5 a0 s! O* V0 {
  → Joking is not permissible _____ (certain) occasions.
% U/ y1 u' K' e  常与occasion搭配的介词是什么?on, 即:" Q' O1 i1 d8 h
  Joking is not permissible on (certain) occasions. (有的场合是不容许开玩笑的。)
/ f6 T- d) z& ]% ~8 M  ↓$ l/ H$ ?7 g0 K2 e; X. U4 R

$ @+ @* Z1 [8 b3 P/ f  There are occasions on which joking is not permissible.
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-15 23:36:11 | 显示全部楼层

2013年职称英语综合类重点语法解析(23)

</p>  顾后:看看谓语动词常与什么介词搭配,例如:
2 p' S0 W! ?2 i4 ?2 X  This car, ____ which I paid a lot of money, is now out of date.9 B% {6 Y' p3 Q. x0 g$ ^8 I
  → I paid a lot of money ______ this car.( d/ o7 w' x  f2 B7 d
  Pay (money) for something 是一个固定的搭配,因此应填介词 "for"3 Z) r; i, G2 r( w+ j- A
  当A、B、C、D中出现 " 介词 + which / whom" 选项时,而你又确实看不懂时,应倾向于选择" 介词 + which / whom"的形式,例如:
9 Q0 @+ y# P+ Z1 b! N9 y% O  The two elements _____ water is made are the gases oxygen and hydrogen.
8 M- K, k6 l' m5 d. Q" X/ d  A. that
4 Y5 u+ h9 w0 a& M  B. which. p6 Z" l6 q, M  W' g
  C. with which
: D  V+ b* V+ S# O& I  D. of which: P2 x2 X  E) l$ j1 @$ U8 B
  倾向选择C、D;正确答案D,"be made of "(由…组成):, ]1 K2 B/ l+ x; a3 `6 ?
  The two elements are gases (oxygen and hydrogen).% Z& o9 E; r. x8 |7 S, \7 \
  Water is made of the two elements.
  ?& U+ }- P& B2 n1 E9 e, _( o  两个句子一合并,便是该句选择。
6 F. O9 A$ z" c  R  (四)其他应注意的确问题:
3 Q1 B& s- N) v; ?9 B& o  (1) 同位语从句只能用"that"连接中华考试网
9 D: Q# B1 e1 X" R  常见的同位语先行词有:fact(事实), possibility(可能), idea(想法), belief(相信), doubt(疑问), news(消息), order(命令), promise(承诺), evidence(证据), suggestion(建议)等,例如:
8 G- i6 e7 v* N+ y$ M" j  Is there any possibility that all the villagers can send their children to school?(有没有这种可能,所有村民都能送他们的孩子上学?)
; L7 C, q  k1 O* K& R9 n& C  There can be no doubt that he is a qualified doctor.(毫无疑问,他是个合格的医生。)6 h- n  q, @. b. a* H
  (2) "as" 也可以做关系代词用于连接定语从句,特别是在"such…as…", "the same as…" 以及"正如…"的结构中,例如:  a2 ?9 Z* s# Z; u
  I have never seen a thing as he described. (我从未见过他所描述的那种事。)
2 v; E9 ?5 Q3 _' {0 W9 A$ y  As was expected, the performance was a great success. (正如所料,演出获得了巨大成功。)
7 P. o- o# F7 N# u( E5 e2 b8 ]  把该句理解为:The performance was a great success, which was expected,就比较容易理解as的这种用法。
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