2013年职称英语考试句型语序：关系代词(2)

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2013年职称英语考试句型语序：关系代词(2)
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which" 结构交替使用，例如：
: z; C# h6 M5 q4 S$ O! x) S　　There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.
% G. c( |6 R" z% e9 M0 ]　　Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.
" Y& r( A8 k4 o+ j. X　　Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
　　限制性和非限制性定语从句 (***)
　　例如：
　　1)This is the house which we bought last month.(限制性)
　　The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.。(非限制性)
　　2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：
) ^; B2 O; U7 k' @2 k- b　　Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
　　My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
　　This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 来自www.Examw.com
# n! H- h; C6 S7 j, Q, k; |　　3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：
( Y7 y, W3 m1 i' {1 L) ^) j　　He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
　　Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.
5 c0 Q+ T: r( ^3 v1 N9 X* n　　说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
　　b. 名词性从句(Noun Clauses)
　　在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它能在复合句中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。在名词性从句中，连接词that既没有实际意义，又不充当任何成分，只起引导从句的作用, 引导宾语从句时经常省去。