全国职称英语等级考试试题及答案－卫生类C级2

会计考友

　　第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23~30题，每题1分，共8分）
% }+ o! Q( I  ^+ w　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
( n4 }8 a5 s8 a% mClinical Trials
6 S3 Q  H" z8 e; e5 g+ P　　1Many clinical trials are done to see if a new drug or device is safe and effective for people to use.Sometimes clinical trials are used to study different ways to use the standard treatments so they will be more effective,easier to use,and/or decrease side effects.Sometimes,studies are done to learn how to best use the treatment in a different population,such as children,in whom the treatment was not previously tested.
- P. C  ]3 i3 [4 q1 r　　2It is important to test drugs and medical products in the people they are meant to help.It is also important to conduct research in a variety of people because different people may respond differently to treatments.Some people participate in clinical trials because they have exhausted standard treatment options.Other people participate in trials because they want to contribute to the advancement of medical knowledge.
8 W; i( S1 M9 X# k' X　　3The FDA（食品及药物管理局）works to protect participants in clinical trials and to ensure that people have reliable information as they decide whether to join a clinical trial.Although efforts are made to control the risks to clinical trical participants,some risks may be unavoidable because of the uncertainty inherent（内在的）in medical research studies involving new medical treatments.
& y2 L8 I4 y9 z$ I+ `　　4People should learn as much as possible about the clinical trials that interest them.They should also feel comfortable discussing their questions and concerns with members of the health care team.Prospective（预期的）participants should understand what happens during the trial,the type of health care they will receive,and any costs to them.Anyone considering a clinical trial should also know that there are benefits and risks associated with participating.
　　23.Paragraph 1　　　　　.
% c- i$ |- l9 H( J% ?　　24.Paragraph 2　　　　　.
8 A2 ?6 i' S4 l　　25.Paragraph 3　　　　　.
　　26.Paragraph 4　　　　　.
　　A　Why are clinical trials done?
; e; d* D; v# D4 V! y( p　　B　Where are clinical trials conducted?
1 j' B6 m9 [3 C8 K  E9 e2 n3 H　　C　Who should consider clinical trials and why?
　　D　What should people know before participating in a clinical trial?
# U% M% b) X# v  H" h% r1 r- r' j　　E　What are clinical trials?
　　F　Are clinical trials safe?
, b9 Z: F' K/ \& I+ S　　27.New drugs or devices must be tested before being used.
+ g$ C' Y9 ~* ^- M9 _4 i4 m! Z　　28.Clinical trials provide the only hope.
) ^- v& E3 E! t5 D5 N2 q: ?& T5 A　　29.Reliable information should be available to.
' D+ I: V2 ]& |1 N3 t　　30.Learn as much as you can about a clinical trial.
) b" D; R- l/ O5 g, [4 y　　A　for some patients
　　B　before participation
; Y( i/ y" K0 x5 ]" l$ h　　C　in humans
　　D　medical knowledge
　　E　during the trial
　　F　candidates for clinical trials

会计考友

　　第4部分：阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分，共45分）
　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
6 m1 w' M! m; c" R0 N: A5 e- o　　第一篇
. b$ T' R$ z: T  y& ?" U3 x  k9 I* qHeat and Health
" J" R" B. V- |2 B) e! m$ K$ s　　Extremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just makes most people hot,it can cause medical problems-and death.
. {: d. \# N% y& B; a　　Health experts say that since the year 1900,extremely hot weather has killed more people in the United States than any other natural event.One year-the unusually hot summer of 1980-heat caused about 1,700 deaths in the United States.In 1995,more than 600 people died in a similar heat wave in one city-Chicago.
! P0 ]& R. z3 \. k! z　　To measure extreme heat,govemment weather experts have developed the  Mean Heat Index.It measures the average of how hot it is felt all day on an extremely hot day.Experts say it is the total heat of a hot day or several hot days that can affect health.Several hot days are considered a heat wave.Experts say heat waves often become deadly when the nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature.
4 t0 J/ W$ S4 u# ^9 [　　The most common medical problem caused by hot weather is heat stress.Usually,it also is the least severe.For most peoople,the only result of heat stress is muscle pain.The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot.Doctors say drinking water will help the pain disappear after the body again has the right amounts of water and salt.For some people,however,the result is much more serious.
2 H4 W7 ^3 u4 q7 {- H3 I5 R4 U　　For example,doctors say some people face a greatly increased danger from heat stress.These people have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other problems of the blood system.Severe heat can help cause a heart attack or stroke.Health experts say this is the most common cause of death linked to hot weather.
$ A: S  ?) e% s. z5 L2 h( z$ s! [' F  n　　31.How many people died from heat in Chicago in 1995?
　　A.About 1700.
6 U/ d3 R7 ?5 ?　　B.Nearly 1900.
4 w- |. D/ n" P$ v　　C.Around 1100.
　　D.Over 600.
　　32.What can people learn from the Mean Heat Index?
　　A.The average temperature of an extremely hot day.
　　B.The highest temperature of an extremely hot day.
　　C.The lowest temperature of an extremely hot day.
/ q: ?  \3 M1 P- b2 k　　D.The nighttime temperature of an extremely hot day.
- f+ D; k; }0 Q7 [# [5 a7 R. g" b: [　　33.A heat wave is a period of time during which
. Z/ X: q3 y, ^4 x  u　　A.the weather is much better than usual.
　　B.the nights are much longer than usual.
7 a% k* `, |. H" V2 F# ]. I3 i1 k　　C.the weather is much hotter than usual.
, M; @- o& \* i; \6 x' U; s! o$ b　　D.the days are much longer than usual.
　　34.Muscle pain in hot weather means that your body needs
( Q# N7 r2 r! e+ \. M　　A.more exercise.
  Z( e  Q$ Q6 z: N& E　　B.more water.
　　C.less oxygen.
　　D.less sugar.
( K, y) g, C7 }6 f　　35.For people who are in extremely poor health,heat can be
' b- j3 J' ?1 F6 w% d1 a: R0 ]　　A.deadly.
+ ^! ^  `8 \& J. B9 V0 ]; @　　B.painful.
2 K0 R* \+ J" N' Q  y　　C.helpful.
& o! T7 `- X  U# _" X0 v% [　　D.stressful.