答案与解析:
- W/ S% q2 I# ]% S+ a9 ]: O1. 分析文章主题:the placebo(安慰剂) effect(影响, 作用,结果,实现)( ?' P: C. w/ K' c& l
3 x0 e w+ d: E# C文章主题词:placebo, effect
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5 g' d7 |2 x. j: S2 e2. 直接解题:
: q f" V" i$ v6 hPlacebo(安慰剂) is a Latin(拉丁文的, 拉丁文) word(单词, 话语, 消息). It means(意味着) “I shall please(喜欢, 愿意, 使高兴)”. And sometimes(有时候) it just(仅仅, 公正的, 正确的) might(可能)(mean “I shall please” ). ( o/ ~: u8 T* k& G8 S
0 g) Q; Y2 I, S' ^1. A. in B. to C. into D. for
/ b' k- ~9 V F( \8 e% `When scientists(科学家) want to test(测试) a new drug, they usually(通常) divide (分, 划分)a large number of (许多)people __1__ two groups(组, 群).
/ S4 W! H; Q# h1. C. divide...into.../把...分成...$ s& M% w! e& {9 J- Z: k
) M( P% Q4 F' N3 d2. A. named(命名, 指定, 名字)B. called(呼叫, 命名, 打电话, 喊声, 打电话) C. referred(谈及,查阅) D. known (知道,知名的)
; O* G- N* K* ]8 a2 \8 u8 UOne group takes the medicine(吃药), the other(另一组) takes a substance(物质) __2__ as a placebo(安慰剂). ; y! k7 U& G& `$ ^$ O1 S
2.D.known as.../被称为...- c% n0 k+ B- f, C7 `( B7 y' ]
name/call A B / 称A为B! s5 b* U* R7 ~9 ] v" x6 }
e.g. We call/name him Tom. 我们叫他Tom.
* C( r, |5 q; F- Trefer to A as B 把A称为B
4 @$ p) q. I: P4 fe.g. He referred to his sister(姐,妹) as a stupid(愚蠢的) girl(女孩).
@) e/ f6 k' b7 t9 S u7 S补充:
: J0 N) j. G2 d! x8 d7 [take/use drugs/吸毒
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- `) a8 w5 n! N) E7 S" dIt may contain(包含) nothing more than (仅仅)sugar(糖). The people do not know(知道) which(哪个/哪种) pill(药丸) they are taking(服用), the active(起作用的, 积极的) one (pill) or the inactive (不起作用的, 不活跃的)one. . F2 }3 M& ~2 t r2 g% V& q: }
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3. A. better (更好地) B. worse (更糟糕地) ) W. F7 M& l" `& y/ r8 B
C. more weakly(虚弱地, 软弱地) D. more slowly(缓慢地)
/ U2 b( d, }1 [4 H, o8 fIn this kind of (这种)experiment(试验), the medicine must perform(表现,表演, 执行) __3__ than the placebo(安慰剂) to prove (证明)it is effective(有效的, 给人留下深刻印象的).- k. ?; z; @' O8 M
3.A. 该句说“在这种试验中,药物应该比安慰剂表现得更...,以证明自己是有效的”, 因此判断A(更好地)是答案。9 Q% D" l/ v1 O0 j* \
) ?& h+ |( e% _2 {$ {/ S! s! F) x' \! `Yet(然而,更), people who take a placebo, sometimes(有时) experience(经历,体验到) improvements(改进, 进步) in their health(健康).
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/ @+ j. ]5 w3 d# `- Y" T4. A. which B. that C. what D. whatever
) S& P) F7 _- [This is known as (被称为)“the placebo effect”—the effect(效果,作用) of something __4__ is not supposed to (应该)have any effect.
5 Q' Y1 F1 ^3 t, Z) N4.B. 空格所在的从句为定语从句。现行词为不定代词(something, some, any, anything, all, little, etc)时引导定语从句的连接词只能为that.1 C" y1 [+ E: J: ~* ~4 s
* }; c+ i T: `6 A+ _Some doctors even(甚至) use(使用) the placebo effect (安慰剂效应)in(在...的过程中) their treatments(治疗). They might tell(告诉) patients(病人) that a new drug will stop their pain(止痛).
% `% P2 M) m% A补充:
; `3 T4 c, {: X5 Xrelieve/ease pains/缓解疼痛
. W; R; ?& c7 }! f$ rsharp pains/剧烈的疼痛# G3 Y0 m( Y5 x& [" g# c& |
& D! Q8 ?" {; Z' a1 ]. z! A5. A. active (能起作用的) B. inactive n6 h; t7 h! Z; D( w1 d4 ~3 }* E
C. effective (有效的) D. helpful(有帮助的,有益的)" z" F+ t) I! P. z+ G9 F
The patient(病人) does not know(知道) that the pills(药丸) are __5__.
0 U1 l! G: ?: M" h% N- L5. B. 如果空格处的词义为“起作用的”, 则C和D也能出现在空格中, 因此这三个选项彼此排除掉, 答案只能为B(不起作用的)。
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6. A. gets(获得,变得, 受到(惩罚), 染上(疾病)) B.buys(购买) C. takes (拿走, 占领, 获得) D. brings(带来, 产生,引起); T: E T# i7 b
The patient(病人) __6__ the pills and later(随后,以后, 以后的) tells the doctor(医生) that the pain is gone(离去的,死去的).
- u8 ^( I# W0 z" d7 E" C6. C。 根据上文内容和空格处的搭配(...the pills)判断C(服用)是答案。 |