考试辅导：2011年职称英语卫生类类B级完型填空新增文章2

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2011年职称英语卫生类B级完型填空新增文章
教材第八篇文章
Food Safety and Foodborne Illness
Food safety is an increasingly important public health issue．Governments all over the world are 4ntensifying their efforts to improve food safety．These efforts are in response ___l___ an increasing number of food safety problems and___2___consumer concerns．
% c5 C# n! ~% ]Foodborne illnesses are___3___as diseases，usually either infectious or toxic in nature，caused by agents that enter the body through the ingestion of food．Every person is___4___risk of foodborne illness．
1 I$ b6 g0 i: @8 U: Q: `Foodborne diseases are a widespread and growing public health problem，both in developed___5___ developing countries．The global___6___of foodborne disease is difficult to estimate, but it has been reported that in 2005___7 ___ 8 million people died from diarrhoeal diseases1．A great___8___ of these cases can be attributed to contamination of f．ood and drinking water．___9 ___ , diarrhoea is a major cause of malnutrition in infants and young children．2
In industrialized countries, the percentage of me population suffering from foodborne diseases each year has been reported to be l0___10___30％．In the United States of America(USA)，for example，around 76 million cases of foodborne diseases，___11___325，000 hospitalizations and 5，000 deaths，are estimated to occur each year．
While less well documented，developing countries bear the brunt of the problem due to the presence of a wide___l2___of foodborne diseases，including those caused by parasites．3 The high___l3___of diarrhoeal diseases in many developing countries suggests major underlying food safety problems．
3 l! V9 B# s: S) q; L/ WIn partnership___l4___ other、stakeholders，WHO is developing policies that will further promote the safety of food．These policies cover the entire food chain from production to consumption and will___l5___ different types of expertise．4
' f% s5 V3 ~& p  `词汇：
2 u0 w3 W5 u! m; n1 GIntensify vt．使增强，使加剧
$ ~5 x, F; G: E/ kToxic 口勘有毒的；因中毒引起的
2 u/ l1 {! Q( f9 ]5 iIngestion 几．摄取
Attribute vt．归因于……
Brunt 乃．首当其冲
Stakeholder n．(某组织、工程、体系等的)参与人，参与方
consumption凡．消费，消耗
' C2 y5 U9 ^, F; `( |$ ~expertise n．专门知识或技能
注释：
4 }  H1 {, q: }1．diarrhoeal diseases：腹泻疾病
# {7 o+ i( J: g2．A great proportion of these cases Can be attributed to contamination of food and drinking water．Additionally，diarrhoea is a major cause of malnutrition in infants and young children．相当多的这种病例可以归因于食物以及饮用水污染所导致，而且腹泻是幼儿和儿童营养不良的一大主因。A great proportion of表示“占相当比例的"，additionally此处表示递进关系，“另外，而且”0 be attributed t0：动词短语，表示“把……归因于……"。
+ ]+ a$ W3 c4 F1 D9 B3．While less well documented，developing countries bear the brunt of the problem due to the presence of a wide range of foodborne diseases，including those caused by parasites．虽然文献资料还不多，但发展中国家是各种食源性疾病，包括由寄生虫引发的疾病等首当其冲的受害者。bear the brunt of，词组，表示“首当其冲”。
5 r! X2 \2 i* w4．In partnership with other stakeholders，WHO is developing policies that will further promote the safety of food．These policies cover the entire food chain from production to consumption and will make use of different types of expertise．与其他机构一起，WHO在不断制定能进一步提高食品安全的政策，这些政策涵盖了从生产到消费整个食品链，并将充分利用各种专业知识。In partnership with表示“和……一起”，make use of表示“利用，使用”。
练习：
- C/ U3 ]# V' d/ v5 K1．AtoB againstC withD towards
  _9 M, t) R& L% |2．A raisingB arisingC risingD rosen
3．A declared B definedC derived D demanded
4．AwithB within C atD in
5．AorB with C ofD and
6．AincidentB incidenceC accidentD instance
; g& H+ G: l8 E0 y$ B, E7．AlonelyB aloneC alonely D lone
( L3 f. Y. V# `3 M, O$ G0 i8．AsizeB position C proportionD amount
3 R. U' y3 |- v9．ANeverthelessB HoweverC WhateverD Additionally
5 ~% @6 R, E, n0 N9 b10．Aup toB down toC up towardsD down towards
# N9 t9 Y, J9 C1 H11．A resulting fromB resulting in C resulted from D resulted in
12．A range B distance C order D arrangement
13．A prevailingB spreadingC prevalent D prevalence
) Z4 g! x+ x, n# o1 J- S# T# C14．Aof B forC fromD with
15．Amake use ofB take use ofC make useD take use

答案与题解：

会计考友

</p>1．Ain response to是一介词短语，为固定搭配，表示“对……做出反应"，因此答案为A。
: J/ Y9 R& D: A( i9 M2．C此空所在句子表示：上述这些努力主要是对越来越多的食品安全问题以及消费者越来越多的担忧作出的反应。A项是及物动词，表示“提高……”，此处不合适，B项不用来做定语，D项是过去分词形式，此处也不合适，因此答案为C。
3．B be defined as为一固定搭配，表示“……被定义为……”，其他是那个选项都不合题意，因此答案为B 。
4．C at risk of为一固定介词短语，表示“有……危险的”。另外三个介词选项都不能与risk相搭配，因此答案为C。
. R+ P( t' L/ O, ]; v5．D both developed and developing countries表示“发达国家和发展中国家都……”，与both能搭配的应该是and，因此答案为D。
7 x4 ]! b+ Q9 k6．B incident是“事件”，incidence是“发生率”，accident是“意外事件，事故"，instance是“实例，例证”。此处的意思是食源性疾病在全球的发生率，因此答案为B。
5 [% d0 v5 T0 n2 v2 ]; f7．B lonely是形容词，表示“孤单的"，lone也是形容词，表示“孤寂的，单独的”，alone作形容词时，表示“单独的，独自的"，其内涵与lonely相近，但也有副词的意思，表示“仅仅，只是”，只有该意符合本句要求，C项不存在，因此答案为B。．
, A9 }! _" y* g8．C proportion表示“比例”，size表示“大小"，position表示“位置，地点”，amount表示“数量"，修饰不可数名词。
9．D根据上下文，此处具体举出一个例子，与前文应为递进关系，因此答案为D。
10．Al0 up to 30％表示从l0％到30％，从低到高的数量关系，B项down to则表示从高到低，不符合题意。
6 I; a) W6 B; s1 k- J5 u/ U11．B result from表示“起因于”，没有被动形式，result in表示“造成”，也没有被动形式，因此答案为B。
12．A a wide range of foodborne diseases表示各种各样的食源性疾病。
4 |/ r6 y1 X9 l: U; U13．D prevailing形容词，表示“盛行的”，prevalent也是形容词，表示“流行的”，spreading为spread的分词形式，表示“伸展，扩张，延伸"等，prevalence名词，表示“发病，流行”。此处需填入一个名词，因此选D。
14．D参见注释。
& l0 j% c; Q+ ~4 ]15．A参见注释。