2012年职称外语考试卫生类B阅读强化训练七

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When Nick Holonyak set out to create a new kind of visible lighting using semiconductor alloys，his colleagues thought he was unrealistic．Today，his discovery of light-emitting diodes，or LEDs, are used in everything from DVDs to alarm clocks to airports．Dozens of his students have continued his work，developing lighting used in traffic lights and other everyday technology．
6 Q( S( q7 J2 q; I" Q# U& o2 U1 LOn April 23，2004, Holonyak received the $500，000 Lemelson-MIT Prize at a ceremony in Washington．This marks the 1Oth year that the Lemelson-MIT Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology fMIT has given the award to prominent inventors．
“Anytime you get an award．big or little．it’s always a surprise．”Holonyrak said．
Holonyak, 75，was a student of John Bardeen，an inventor of the transistor, in the early 1950s．After graduate school, Holonyak worked at Ben Labs．He later went to General Electric，where he invented a switch now widely used in house dimmer switches．
Later, Holonyak started 1ooking into how semiconductors could be used to generate 1ight．But while his colleagues were 1ooking at how to generate invisible light，he wanted to generate visible light．The LEDS he invented in 1962 now last about 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs, and are more environmentally friendly and cost effective．
1 ]% U7 v( h9 }) cHolonyak，now a professor of electrical and computer engineering and physics at the University of Illinois，said he suspected that LEDs would become as commonplace as they are today，but didn’t realize how many uses they would have．
“You don’t know in the beginning．YOU think you’re doing something important．you think it’s worth doing，but you really can’t tell what the big payoff is going to be，and when，and how．You just don’t know，”he said．
The Lemelson．MIT Program also recognized Edith Flanigen，75，with the$1 00，000
! C3 u5 L7 U  |+ o. Q0 wLemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award for her work on a new generation of“molecular sieves，”that can separate molecules by size．
词汇：
* E* Z3 D: }/ ssemiconductor n．半导体
3 M6 v9 V% y% U4 Q& R' Q  d9 \' Oalloy n．合金
diode n．二极管
incandescent adj．白炽的
bulb n．灯泡
commonplace adj．普通的
molecular adj．分子的
: l  B4 C* V* g0 v, X/ Bsieve n．筛
* Z  r: R& a% _练习：
) L: Z3 P& _" Z" q+ R+ u1．Holonyak’s colleagues thought he would fail in his research on LEDs at the time when he started it．
9 B8 A) M6 b' o" ZA．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
2．Holonyak believed that his students that were working with him on the project would get the Lemelson．MIT Prize sooner or later．
A。Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
' f3 ?: N5 m5 P' i0 [. s3．Holonyak was the inventor of the transistor in the early 1950s．
4 s7 E. K1 P7 M9 SA．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
4．Holonyak believed that LEDs would become very popular in the future．
- F: Z6 P5 L+ @! JA．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
& n0 T" Q' e# u0 ^+ u  s5．Holonyak said that you should not do anything you are not interested in．
6 c/ V) n' m7 H" v# g4 fA．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
' H# H5 H2 L% W1 z6． Edith Flanigen is the only co-inventor of LEDs．
4 a' d9 d$ T  T0 y! K$ fA．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
  h# M- J  }7 v7 Q* W/ n. n7．The Lemelson-MIT Prize has a history of over 100 years．
A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned

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答案及解析
. T+ F- H# b& x7 A1. A．利用题干中的核心词colleagues作为答案线索词，这样找到答案相关句：When Nick Holonyak set out to create a new kind of visible lighting using semiconductor alloys，his colleagues thought he was unrealistic（不可行的， 不切实际的）．（该句内容基本上与题干中的内容一致，但还需要确认题干中提到的LEDs就visible lighting using semiconductor alloys）Today，his discovery of light-emitting diodes，or LEDs, are used in everything from DVDs to alarm clocks to airports．（根据该句内容可以推断出LEDs就是前句中提到的visible lighting using semiconductor alloys）因此判断问题句的说法正确。
- P! D+ ~8 I$ B: M% C$ ?2．C．分析：需要注意题干中出现的修饰词sooner or later（迟早）。利用题干中提到的新信息—他的学生，作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：Dozens of his students have continued his work，developing lighting used in traffic lights and other everyday technology．
: y5 r4 j( P0 VOn April 23，2004, Holonyak received the $500，000 Lemelson-MIT Prize at a ceremony in Washington． （该句与题干中提到的“Holonyak相信...”无关）在下文的内容中也没有看到有关“Holonyak对他学生的期望”的话语， 因此判断该句的内容为“没提到”。
; S+ n4 F" {/ k2 P/ i3 s3．B分析：利用题干中出现的特征词-- early 1950s作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：Holonyak, 75，was a student of John Bardeen，an inventor of the transistor（晶体管）, in the early 1950s．(该句所反映的内容是：John Bardeen是20世纪50年代初期晶体管的发明者，因此问题句的内容与原文的内容不一致。)
4．A．分析：利用题干中出现的核心词popular作为答案线索，这样发现文章中并没有popular这个词出现。因为问题句是观点句，这样的句子内容往往需要考生根据相关内容进行推断，因此注意文章中描述Holonyak态度的句子，这样找到答案相关句：Holonyak，now a professor of electrical and computer engineering and physics at the University of Illinois，said he suspected that LEDs would become as commonplace （常见的）as they are today，but didn’t realize how many uses they would have．（but引出的句子的句意（但是没有意识到它们将会有这么多种用途）揭示suspect的含义应该是“猜想”，因此整个划线句的内容（他曾猜想到LEDS的用途会非常的普遍，就象现在这样子）与问题句的内容一致）
5．C．分析：该句中也是没有明显的特征词，利用句中出现的核心词interested作为答案线索，这样发现文章中没有出现该词，也没有出现与该词词义相关的其他词，而文章中也没有涉及到这方面的内容，因此判断该句的说法为“没提到”。
' u4 b1 f/ {: N! Y$ x$ `$ k' i5 j6． C．分析：利用题干中出现的特征词Edith Flanigen作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句： The Lemelson-MIT Program also recognized Edith Flanigen，75，with the$1 00，000 Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award for her work on a new generation of“molecular sieves，”that can separate molecules by size．（但是该句的内容是说“Edith Flanigen”对新一代的“分子筛”的研制作出了杰出的工作，没有说她是LEDs的合作发明者。）
7．B．分析：该题提到了有关Lemelson-MIT奖，而且具体提到了该奖项的存在时间，因此判断该题很可能会需要考生根据相关句子进行判断。利用题干中出现的特征词Lemelson-MIT作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：On April 23，2004, Holonyak received the $500，000 Lemelson-MIT Prize at a ceremony in Washington．This marks the 1Oth year that the Lemelson-MIT Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology fMIT has given the award to prominent inventors．根据该句内容判断Lemelson-MIT奖成立的时间是1994年，因此问题句中说的“Lemelson-MIT奖有100多年的历史”与原文内容矛盾。