Corporate StructureHow authority and accountability are delegated within a company as well as how ownership is divided.
9 ? f. Y3 b5 z6 c& b3 V \公司结构公司内部权力如何分配,责任如何划分。
# d$ X, ^6 Q2 C9 K3 P& R1 E Certificate of IncorporationIssued by a state upon approval of articles of incorporation. Together they form the corporate charter which establishes a corporation.
3 \1 o# p; {8 Q# D. p) |开业证明由州政府批准公司章程后颁发。它们共同组成公司成立的宪章。
3 Z5 N0 O8 y1 d0 N" v BylawsRules governing the internal management of a company drawn up at the time of incorporation.
7 G1 _7 @3 q( {/ |规章制度公司成立时制订的内部管理制度。% J, ?$ O* v& H( t, K
Board ResolutionDocument recording a decision by the board of directors for action., Z& _( [+ y* l9 K% p
董事会决议记录董事会行动决定的文件。0 @# H7 ~1 t6 `8 f1 K+ E
Board of DirectorsPersons elected to develop company policy and ensure that a corporation acts within the scope of its corporate charter.
$ |1 b0 J0 |& f* O6 N. k董事会被推选制订公司政策并确保公司按照其宪章运营的决策机构。
7 P4 ?" P0 T& O! [ Checks and BalancesSystem in which each level of authority is "checked" by the others to make sure that power is balanced between them.
2 w/ |' T; s% v$ f" x/ J1 e) ?制衡权力互相受到制约,保证相互间权利平衡。
2 y1 a6 r' b/ D# _# A6 g9 J Chief Executive Officer (CEO)Officer of a firm principally responsible for its day to day operations, usually the chairman of the board or president.5 `( Y6 H2 W8 z
首席执行官(CEO)对公司日常运营负主要责任的官员。通常为董事会主席或总裁。9 i" i J; m3 `3 q! p; S% K
Chain of CommandA system wherein authority is passed down from top to bottom through a series of executive positions each of which is accountable to the one above it.
9 u) N2 x8 _1 o& k9 v- T命令链权力自上而下进行分配,下级官员对上级官员负责的体系。 |