Types of Companies公司类型3 d# G `6 t" a0 o: ~/ c1 _1 h% l
A company is an organization which operates a business in one of these forms: A business which is owned by a single individual who is entitled to all of the profits
1 f" d3 `& ^; g3 x( B and assumes all liabilities of the business is called a sole proprietorship. When two or more parties share the profits and liabilities of a company it is called a
) F8 g& W+ t8 \7 ?4 C8 L7 o partnership. Partnerships usually are "limited partnerships" in which a managing partner runs the day-to-
* H0 d' @; k7 r6 e% r# o day business while the limited partners are not involved in management decisions and enjoy limited liability. Sole proprietorships and partnerships usually' v. D0 i9 D8 D; P7 j1 W
adopt a company name known as a DBA or "doing business as" that company name. As business grows, the principals might want to apply for a corporate charter.
: Z, u# \8 b4 m7 b5 G# h The corporation formed in this process is considered to be a separate individual by law and usually provides certain tax relief, expense deductions, and liability0 t; T; z/ E2 P$ \+ ~4 g
protection to the principals involved. Corporations may be privately or publicly owned.
* t: }+ x3 L: {+ H8 r$ y 公司是经营某项业务的组织,它有两种形式:一种是个人所有,这个人拥有全部资产并承担所有债务。如果有两个或更多的团体共同分享公司的利润并承担义务,这样的公司被称作合伙。合伙企业通常是"有限合伙",也就是合伙人执行每天的经营不参与管理决策并承担有限义务。独资和合伙企业通常使用所有人之外的名称作为公司的名字。随着业务发展,公司负责人就会申请一个公司章程。在制定公司章程的过程中,公司被看作是独立的法人,负责人通常会有一些税务减免,费用削减和债务保护。公司可以是私有制或共有制。 |