再贷款 central bank lending
3 z3 B0 t2 G1 Z; V( G在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions - @! N, t5 ~) U+ x* ]) q3 F
在人行存款 deposits at (with) the central bank % J, x" w; v" S
在途资金 fund in float
; D/ [8 ~' n ?5 Z, n1 o+ e增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture
7 f. u% l( `/ [- B2 T" C0 h/ }增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum 1 g, g! g ]$ f% C( V! j( T1 W
增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures # m, n3 ~ |# Z7 S6 O
增长平稳 steady growth & y$ E* @; m) E$ D3 s
增值税 value-added tax (VAT) + D. V$ }) d9 q+ L" q
涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth - H4 E4 Y3 h- m' C3 E: ~& [
账外账 concealed accounts
2 n! f; U# g, U+ g折旧 depreciation , y* v% n" v0 I" {2 S m- h' G
整顿 retrenchment;consolidation
* w9 V$ ^' o5 D- ?/ Z/ O政策工具 policy instrument ! d; b- t0 s: z! X5 J" `
政策性业务 policy-related operations : n8 i5 u: {" O" ?% y: _
政策性银行 policy banks 9 B- ]) ^: @ {1 O% b) m+ @- l
政策组合 policy mix . c: C X. h$ k' d; A1 F+ j7 `
政府干预 government intervention
4 ^0 K- l7 M% F/ z0 j% `; c证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions ! o* i7 g/ a8 Q" C, j& V5 t: L" R
证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase
3 R4 Y4 _( D; q4 c支付困难 payment difficulty : }& E, M- [2 @: \1 @) t7 B
支付能力 payment capacity
& ^* [/ h, f* M8 p% B' a7 l; t直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments 9 I" ~- X1 m* B0 m; q- v. d1 T1 t* B
间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions
+ v. g. q& H6 i+ n' p8 O3 f职业道德 professional ethics3 N7 T O6 d% Q% ^
- f/ S: n ^& o1 q: }
指令性措施 mandatory measures
1 w4 ?; R. d: r指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan
: g8 ~4 ~; K' s, `制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy
& U& s; g% T* \' j4 {8 l+ R滞后影响 lagged effect
% R1 E3 K4 G- ^5 f中介机构 intermediaries * D% J2 P- k2 N+ G
中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities ! L5 A \( V+ h: l: v. F, l3 j
分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project
1 E- U: Z+ F1 `# z2 |7 p周期谷底 bottom (trough) of business cycle + E3 y- f; J, R% J
周转速度 velocity
% m$ W6 b" u8 j; j主办银行 main bank
0 ]' A, x3 k% g) K) k主权风险 sovereign risk 1 G3 c) j. B6 N
注册资本 registered capital : e. w: z7 o1 B( S
逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation
4 ^1 y, x1 c- F4 y/ l8 H' z9 V逐步取消 to phase out ! ~ P, Y' R$ N7 N7 }/ N+ ?, I) |
抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small (to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition) - K, r8 G& O1 H1 W" I1 h- m/ \' N# g
专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked
8 z: @+ E+ q& x转贷 on-lending
1 \! B" B/ i" I- {3 }转轨经济 transition economy
8 M% ?% d) {; z3 X6 W, d' l6 A转机 turnaround 7 y2 G0 b' |8 x. I8 R
转折关头 turning point 3 k; J+ J' ]. P# u8 j
准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit
8 n" ]! z- m& l- Y7 J; n# R/ F3 l) K准货币 quasi-money
: a7 X$ v e. w* [资本不足 under-capitalized & [1 a& o! c9 {* G6 @2 ]
资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio 1 p6 u; j- e- w# K3 p
资本利润率 return on capital 1 }6 X$ J" K2 v F2 n {
资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility 9 H! }: w" @# l k( u
资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency + l. ?- O; [' \. ?5 p4 a
资产负债表 balance sheet
2 o: B$ G% C9 n4 l资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets & k% U8 w H7 V' \2 N4 L" t/ O- C
资产集中 asset concentration
5 S; s" N5 T& K# V5 {资产贡献率 asset contribution factor i. H, E9 f% x1 `! X/ n
资产利润率 return on assets (ROA) 9 F, V2 ^% e* D/ P$ ?
资产质量 asset quality
' X9 A! E* H5 F0 ]" P9 v0 V资产组合 asset portfolio
: U. A0 W' L c资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost
9 _$ U& }1 e' M' e/ Q N( F, x- g资金到位 fully funded (project)% A/ z. P" p! S+ G" o/ j, _! N- Y o
资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds 5 ^6 Z/ [. W E, l
资金利用率 fund utilization rate " x$ Y% n2 t5 C; `. U
资金缺口 financing gap
; h9 i5 n( e* R. E7 p+ s- j资金体外循环 financial disintermediation 5 e- z" a! }; i# ], Z. N( ~
资金占压 funds tied up
, {- }3 \; [! l* r4 c自筹投资项目 self-financed projects
' a T% [# _( {3 y" A0 y自有资金 equity fund
3 g2 F9 R/ Q0 ], n; v- }6 C ]综合国力 overall national strength (often measured by GDP) # L2 v5 G# ]: d7 d: j" ]/ P) u8 u
综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator 7 D6 J. T4 ]9 y+ P0 g
综合治理 comprehensive adjustment (retrenchment); over-haul & p6 |' {! K- A: O. z, K6 q) q
总成交额 total contract value 5 h8 r, i+ ^, i# ?1 e
总交易量 total amount of transactions ' @( \: |3 V9 J1 ?1 Q8 x, _
总成本 total cost @# e5 V8 [" _: d' R8 A
最后贷款人 lender of last resort |