金融英语：经济金融术语汉英对照表Z

会计考友

再贷款 central bank lending
" c8 ~( A# r  {7 H+ b在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions
! b  x% G4 a' T2 q在人行存款 deposits at (with) the central bank
$ v. _8 g" C) t% C- W在途资金 fund in float
增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture
. m$ q, P8 K  j6 Z增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum
增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures
# m+ Z/ j# ?+ f9 ]" _5 ?3 K/ n增长平稳 steady growth
& J  B1 k! `; Y增值税 value-added tax (VAT)
涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth
账外账 concealed accounts
2 \5 J6 u9 Z+ D, z5 R5 \% c折旧 depreciation
7 D+ u) \; N) W- d) s3 u5 E整顿 retrenchment;consolidation
6 {& x0 N9 g/ f  S政策工具 policy instrument
政策性业务 policy-related operations
政策性银行 policy banks
政策组合 policy mix
政府干预 government intervention
证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions
1 y) R1 V0 I3 E# t2 l3 x& t3 u证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase
支付困难 payment difficulty
支付能力 payment capacity
5 h) g2 o9 O( a1 V6 k% i5 a& ~直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments
间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions
- g* ]# I( d/ d/ b- B: F; e职业道德 professional ethics
3 W& v8 n( u3 [& s8 k- }
指令性措施 mandatory measures
指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan
制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy
滞后影响 lagged effect
中介机构 intermediaries
. Z9 A4 _9 s* R8 M中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities
. n# t7 J$ X+ X$ o0 {分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project
周期谷底 bottom (trough) of business cycle
周转速度 velocity
主办银行 main bank
1 Q9 i, u9 P; @$ e  A主权风险 sovereign risk
5 {. m2 R; k$ B- N, f+ `, e注册资本 registered capital
* m7 Q% X5 y# W8 k, ^3 Y逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation
逐步取消 to phase out
抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small (to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition)
专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked
( T6 O' \% p! @  K4 U/ `转贷 on-lending
转轨经济 transition economy
  }: m) j/ W1 v转机 turnaround
' k6 z# a1 j% @/ f转折关头 turning point
准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit
准货币 quasi-money
资本不足 under-capitalized
资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio
' g3 U' k% {) K/ e资本利润率 return on capital
7 ?! R  i7 d; V7 D0 ?4 @1 [0 y资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility
, p& ~7 H: S2 d- E  W9 X资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency
& r9 B! x, `6 V; R: E资产负债表 balance sheet
资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets
, }- E$ N. I* [' y资产集中 asset concentration
7 ^. I8 G7 V0 y! A6 Y资产贡献率 asset contribution factor
" h& S0 I. x* [2 x4 d, |' Y) J资产利润率 return on assets (ROA)
资产质量 asset quality
资产组合 asset portfolio
资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost
$ V( B5 t) p% J% h7 b8 H; T9 P资金到位 fully funded (project)
( U5 [% l7 L$ ]; O/ n4 n5 T4 X资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds
3 s4 `* O* b5 m  o. F; N' i资金利用率 fund utilization rate
资金缺口 financing gap
6 P9 U0 E$ p- A0 c资金体外循环 financial disintermediation
8 B" o0 l* q9 Y6 |& Q资金占压 funds tied up
5 j; X& t* k/ K4 ~  V1 V自筹投资项目 self-financed projects
自有资金 equity fund
: X- b0 z4 n- O# `( ?综合国力 overall national strength (often measured by GDP)
综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator
6 e  f4 j1 g3 X, X& {综合治理 comprehensive adjustment (retrenchment); over-haul
; t; z9 X: O1 F9 d总成交额 total contract value
0 S  r# V; q! J3 I- H总交易量 total amount of transactions
3 R7 u5 C/ y5 ~% E/ a) h# I6 s+ ]总成本 total cost
最后贷款人 lender of last resort