金融英语辅导：China’sEconomy(4)中国的经济

会计考友

SOE reform     With many of the smaller and more inefficient SOEs already closed, the government now has to tackle the behemoths, the country's largest employers. The number of laid-off SOE workers is expected to hit 12 million this year.The non-state sector     China has made several moves to encourage the non-state sector in recent months. As China prepares to enter the WTO, private firms may gain more opportunities to participate in the capital markets. Parts of the service sector may also be deregulated.    Employment In 1999, urban registered unemployment was 3.1 percent. Official unemployment figures do not include the rural population, the floating population, or the millions who are technically unemployed, but still on SOE payrolls. Independent analysts estimate that when these populations are included, China's unemployment rate reaches double digits.SCENARIOS FOR 2000    WTO preparations aside, the PRC economy is facing several years of high unemployment, stubborn overcapacity, industrial and agricultural restructuring, and slower growth than that of the early 1990s. The prospect of WTO membership gives the country's leaders an added impetus to implement reforms. Implementation will be difficult, and will almost certainly meet resistance, especially at the local level. Nevertheless, reform will progress, if slowly, and China will continue on its path to full integration with the world economy. NotesSOE=state-owned enterprises国有企业reform n.改革inefficient adj.效率低的, 效率差的tackle vt.应付(难事等), 处理, 解决behemoths n.巨兽, 庞然大物employer n.雇主, 老板lay-off v.解雇, 停止工作laid-off SOE workers国有企业下岗工人capital market资本市场deregulate v.解除管制employment n.雇用, 工作, 职业urban registered unemployment城市登记失业（人数）official unemployment figures官方失业人数rural population农村人口floating population流动人口payroll n.薪水册estimate v.估计, 估价, 评估double digits两位数scenario n.an outline or a model of an expected or a supposed sequence of events预料或期望的一系列事件的梗概或模式stubborn adj.难应付的, 难处理的overcapacity n.too great a capacity for production of commodities or delivery of services in relation to actual need生产能力过剩：与实际需要相比，过大的生产工业商品能力或过多的服务industrial and agricultural restructuring工农业结构调整impetus n.推动力, 促进implementation n.执行resistance n.反抗, 抵抗, 抵抗力full integration with the world economy与世界经济全面接规.integration n.the act or process of integrating结合的行为和过程