世界金融专家讲座：第1讲（2）

会计考友

　　and we have a form of that here in australia when we had the holey dollar .... when we had a coin with a hole in the middle because there was a shortage of metal.
+ o1 J5 E$ ]  A$ o: ]　　澳大利亚就曾有过一种这类的货币，一种中间有个洞的货币。这是由于当时缺乏铸币金属的缘故。
　　and in those days, spanish coins were used a lot. sometimes stores used certain tokens because there was a shortage of actual coinage. and then there is money as we know it today in notes and coins - plastic notes.
! h4 r  N0 t+ X; |. ]　　那时候西班牙硬币广为流通。有时商店里因为没有足够的硬币而使用一些代用币。后来就有了我们现在使用的纸钞、硬币，还有塑料钞票。
4 n- a& c9 [& U* n0 p　　and of course, if we were doing this program in a hundred years time we might talk about quaint little things called money, notes and coins, because all we'd be using would be plastic card.
　　当然，如果我们在一百年之后再来制作这一节目，我们可能就会谈论一些奇特有趣的叫做钱、纸币或是硬币的小东西，因为到那时我们大概只使用塑料卡了。
3 g- h3 }, A. f( f6 v& X　　下面再请您完整收听一遍澳大利亚财经记者卡鲁关于货币历史的介绍。(略)
2 ?/ z6 e2 l& P8 a$ q5 u: O$ f　　接下来澳大利亚墨尔本大学商学院的哈珀教授解释了货币的三个基本功能：
- l3 J3 R  ^* e: n4 t. i　　we look at the functions of money. firstly it's a medium of exchange, so it's some commodity which facilitates the exchange of goods and services.
- g+ z; i8 d1 o+ `; W$ x　　it is also a unit of account, which means that we use money to reckon prices and reckon values for comparisons between goods and services or over time.
2 r: c1 `7 ^) W　　and thirdly, money is a store of value. it is an asset. it's something that we can use to store value away to be retrieved at a later point in time. so we can not consume today, we can hold money instead - and transfer that consumption power to some point in the future.
$ I6 m9 D6 D% y2 _　　哈珀教授授说，货币的三个功能是：
- C  [/ K. ^6 P7 R6 Z　　1 medium of exchange 交换媒介　　2 unit of account 计算单位　　3 store of value 价值储存手段
7 K! Y5 u( Z2 X) e9 x$ l　　下面是哈珀教授讲话的中文翻译：
　　首先货币是一种交换媒介，是帮助其他货物与服务进行交换的手段。其次它是一种计算单位，就是说我们用钱来测量货物、服务或时间之间的价格和价值的比较。第三它是价值存储手段，是一种资产。我们可以用它把价值储存起来，在以后的某个时刻再取回。这样我们不必现在就把它用掉，而是可以存着钱，把这种消费能力转移到将来的某个时刻。
* V, |4 ]) S6 A- _; u　　下面请再听一遍墨尔本大学商学院哈珀教授介绍的货币的三个功能。(略)
6 N# H. i. r; p1 N- ]7 x　　最后我们复习一遍这一讲中出现的一些英文 词汇 ：
　　1 precious metal 贵重金属　　2 sweating the money 从钱币里提取贵重金属成分　　3 token 辅币，具有象征性的货币，代表的价值高于本身的价值　　4 plastic note 塑料钞票　　5 plastic card 信用卡，也叫 credit card　　6 medium of exchange 交换媒介　　7 unit of account 计算单位　　8 store of value 价值储存手段
% M: {4 |) A+ \: F/ m　　在这一讲中我们为您简单介绍了货币的历史和功能。在下一讲中我们要请专家谈谈货币的特性和名义货币，欢迎您收听。