2012年经济金融术语汉英对照表 Y-Z

会计考友

　　Y
* T6 {; f9 {; ?: Q　　养老基金 pension fund
　　一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation
9 L' T- k' `- P7 S0 t　　一级市场 primary market
/ w% i: |* `, O5 G　　应收未收利息 overdue interest 外语学习网
　　银行网点 banking outlets
　　赢利能力 profitability
6 g6 M; }1 u- b4 e　　营业税 business tax
　　硬贷款（商业贷款） commercial loans
　　用地审批 to grant land use right
　　有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate
* \$ m  W; m4 \, a) ^　　证券投资 portfolio investment
　　游资（热钱） hot money
　　有市场的产品 marketable products
$ f$ a# `8 I0 {  @- n; j' z　　有效供给 effective supply
　　诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion
2 t) A+ y* H) q8 N　　逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans
　　与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted
　　与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market
, @9 d% I9 K0 _0 Z1 g& h: p　　预算外支出（收入） off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure（revenue）
　　预调 pre-emptive adjustment
　　月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis
" x2 }% {8 u" ^. y$ l/ f- x9 u% k　　Z
+ J# j3 N" g* d9 X+ t! z　　再贷款 central bank lending
　　在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions
7 k* H; |8 q" G9 G　　在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank
　　在途资金 fund in float
　　增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture
. t( c; o! Y# ^9 h& o　　增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum
9 W2 @& A( q' q  s, X& o　　增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures
　　增长平稳 steady growth
　　增值税 value-added tax（VAT）
% R) B! F1 U% h+ ?0 @　　涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth
　　账外账 concealed accounts
& Z$ i% k  \8 P! Z% ~7 R7 A* l1 U　　折旧 depreciation
2 R$ C% l. s% k4 _　　整顿 retrenchment;consolidation
) }/ v1 i; p! o$ r% q　　政策工具 policy instrument
　　政策性业务 policy-related operations
　　政策性银行 policy banks
　　政策组合 policy mix
　　政府干预 government intervention
& H5 p5 E# X8 S8 F　　证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions
. `7 H; h# \2 B, {  g* U- g　　证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase
　　支付困难 payment difficulty
" l$ w# T7 W3 U% e6 |0 [　　支付能力 payment capacity
　　直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments
　　间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions
　　职业道德 professional ethics
　　指令性措施 mandatory measures
) y6 F9 p. J; M　　指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan
　　制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy
' ^) P3 p$ v! W  R, E　　滞后影响 lagged effect
. E: i# a2 L( }! d　　中介机构 intermediaries
　　中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities
　　分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project
　　周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle
2 ?* e; \4 H; f" k. t/ ^# P9 z1 `( c2 y　　周转速度 velocity
　　主办银行 main bank
) Y3 N* J* s/ S7 R　　主权风险 sovereign risk
& w0 \1 ~3 p& B( e$ o) e! N8 \　　注册资本 registered capital
5 k5 O% u! g( S) ]3 u$ m7 z3 l3 D　　逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation
　　逐步取消 to phase out
- X& a8 R8 ?6 m" t　　抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition）
　　专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked
# V% r, p. S% v5 V+ p& ?% \! D* P　　转贷 on-lending
　　转轨经济 transition economy
　　转机 turnaround
　　转折关头 turning point
% _1 @: t+ r9 P! t* c% f2 x　　准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit
　　准货币 quasi-money
　　资本不足 under-capitalized
　　资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio
- m( H3 d* o$ H3 f; z　　资本利润率 return on capital
( K% E8 \3 z  q. Y2 _　　资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility
4 z2 m7 [$ M) m9 y. _% P　　资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency
　　资产负债表 balance sheet
　　资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets
　　资产集中 asset concentration
　　资产贡献率 asset contribution factor
　　资产利润率 return on assets （ROA）
1 k6 U/ V7 z' B0 n1 ^9 h# W　　资产质量 asset quality
　　资产组合 asset portfolio
) N" u" ~2 Q! d  j　　资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost
$ p7 h/ ^! Y9 S　　资金到位 fully funded （project）
! Q' U+ [9 @/ i　　资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds
　　资金利用率 fund utilization rate
2 }! e# T4 v# t) m. M7 K　　资金缺口 financing gap
8 v0 r/ R, d3 E! A/ Q# P　　资金体外循环 financial disintermediation
5 g+ ]+ ~" [# H2 |( b2 w9 X　　资金占压 funds tied up
# O% G$ H4 q% N( }& ]0 i2 C　　自筹投资项目 self-financed projects
　　自有资金 equity fund
　　综合国力 overall national strength（often measured by GDP）
　　综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator
　　综合治理 comprehensive adjustment（retrenchment）;over-haul
. v  y$ X: y* a' I( H2 ]' ~7 X　　总成交额 total contract value
　　总交易量 total amount of transactions
　　总成本 total cost
" t' H0 G) W( e, k5 \: ?7 \* w　　最后贷款人 lender of last resort