2012年经济金融术语汉英对照表 Y-Z

会计考友

　　Y
: o# T2 m- I* D　　养老基金 pension fund
　　一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation
　　一级市场 primary market
! c$ Q# m) N" \1 t7 ~　　应收未收利息 overdue interest 外语学习网
3 i( X' l/ Y/ m+ [8 }　　银行网点 banking outlets
　　赢利能力 profitability
# Q; f0 v- t/ E+ k: p: n　　营业税 business tax
　　硬贷款（商业贷款） commercial loans
　　用地审批 to grant land use right
: X0 O+ C. e4 _% b* C! F$ ?; o& h* y　　有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate
　　证券投资 portfolio investment
" U& U' _+ S/ u5 e6 ]! p: r　　游资（热钱） hot money
5 Q8 B; V1 C5 |+ N% W7 l　　有市场的产品 marketable products
7 X) X. F5 C7 ]8 t5 `' ?; j) p6 |3 h　　有效供给 effective supply
$ ]2 ?) Z! b: j9 X, k& F/ u　　诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion
　　逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans
　　与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted
　　与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market
7 ]2 y9 ]" u; Q% p& S3 T　　预算外支出（收入） off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure（revenue）
8 O0 `; J! O- w9 I' |　　预调 pre-emptive adjustment
1 G/ k- }$ `) N5 \. X　　月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis
　　Z
; k. f( t8 c  Z; z0 o" l　　再贷款 central bank lending
　　在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions
  G4 o, T) I# W, V  y　　在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank
　　在途资金 fund in float
8 ~# @% G4 j, r5 l; R' f; b　　增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture
　　增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum
　　增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures
" G+ f$ Z# [! h  `$ Z7 ]　　增长平稳 steady growth
　　增值税 value-added tax（VAT）
4 @* [8 t5 e. [' A, [% ~- G  E　　涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth
　　账外账 concealed accounts
　　折旧 depreciation
　　整顿 retrenchment;consolidation
　　政策工具 policy instrument
　　政策性业务 policy-related operations
　　政策性银行 policy banks
　　政策组合 policy mix
/ U- T* i" Q1 m* i. L% P　　政府干预 government intervention
" M" D4 ?: {/ I/ |" c; b; c9 _　　证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions
$ c- R. Y0 s0 n　　证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase
  s0 C1 S; Y* P$ V: s! Z9 T　　支付困难 payment difficulty
　　支付能力 payment capacity
　　直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments
7 q& L3 H- }' T4 j- w# ~. b; u　　间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions
　　职业道德 professional ethics
　　指令性措施 mandatory measures
* c/ L/ |( ]: ^4 R& e) h　　指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan
　　制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy
　　滞后影响 lagged effect
/ b4 w: X0 Z- H# n4 B4 S6 E　　中介机构 intermediaries
- t: c6 _- a2 Y# q* \: p0 i0 p　　中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities
　　分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project
# f% P4 ]8 x2 _$ F! I6 n3 L4 V3 Z　　周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle
　　周转速度 velocity
2 x. ?* J5 b) V) K+ s' o3 p　　主办银行 main bank
2 p5 c2 Q9 p1 P) t　　主权风险 sovereign risk
- [# c5 d* F. I" O( w　　注册资本 registered capital
6 X3 |5 W9 v* G8 @' E: X5 G) `$ |　　逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation
　　逐步取消 to phase out
　　抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition）
　　专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked
: C- E4 J5 r) }7 D# O! Q- ^　　转贷 on-lending
　　转轨经济 transition economy
　　转机 turnaround
　　转折关头 turning point
2 h  E2 _+ n( d' T3 u　　准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit
　　准货币 quasi-money
; w* X5 M7 ?* r" }　　资本不足 under-capitalized
& ~7 s! a9 b1 ?; X0 A  _( Y　　资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio
　　资本利润率 return on capital
　　资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility
  [1 }4 ]1 ^5 z8 O) x* g; ~4 X$ d　　资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency
  u8 x& h2 E; D1 R0 Q& ?　　资产负债表 balance sheet
1 u8 e$ ~! b$ z* y# c　　资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets
/ V6 E" P# ]4 E　　资产集中 asset concentration
& i& a1 ~6 h: |2 N　　资产贡献率 asset contribution factor
　　资产利润率 return on assets （ROA）
& D8 P! t; v. R! H: e& D　　资产质量 asset quality
　　资产组合 asset portfolio
　　资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost
; o) j% J% T, m" D　　资金到位 fully funded （project）
1 I+ N8 y6 Z$ s" f% {　　资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds
7 P2 o! T" L& k% z( |　　资金利用率 fund utilization rate
$ U2 B1 ^+ a1 [7 a; x5 H　　资金缺口 financing gap
/ h% i3 q5 ^" p8 f5 M2 }/ d! d　　资金体外循环 financial disintermediation
# s- Q6 M. Q5 |' J9 i6 x; g　　资金占压 funds tied up
　　自筹投资项目 self-financed projects
# h" u' m# o; o8 e+ f　　自有资金 equity fund
+ i' v- A7 B) l# ]0 W4 l7 T# V, z　　综合国力 overall national strength（often measured by GDP）
8 c$ d# K( a4 O, Z! P) f. j, D　　综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator
　　综合治理 comprehensive adjustment（retrenchment）;over-haul
　　总成交额 total contract value
* d0 E* c8 `/ i7 O+ N* v& z6 H　　总交易量 total amount of transactions
　　总成本 total cost
　　最后贷款人 lender of last resort