高级笔译专题解疑指导（4）

会计考友

Translation Technique: Omission (II)
3 X3 V- i2 z! a' N8 d# xI. Warm-up exercises:
1.       经济领域的改革：economic reforms / reforms in the economy
2.       我们必须反对铺张浪费的行为。We must oppose extravagance.
( j4 X* d" F0 n) Z: I5 L0 a3 w: z3.       这些困难的性质是暂时的。These hardships are temporary.
4.       中国民航决定对转乘和往返航班开展提前订票业务。The Civil Aviation Administration of China has decided to start advance booking and ticketing for connecting and return flights.
5.       调查以问卷和访谈方式进行。Questionnaires and interviews were used in our investigation.
" B  z0 O. `- X. n; T/ u6.       悦达集团早就废除了三铁（铁饭碗、铁交椅、铁工资），实行全员合同制，公开招聘人才，总公司14名部长由10名是从社会公开招聘的。 Yue Da Group has long abolished the no dismissal (iron rice bowl; a lifelong secure job regardless of performance; guaranteed job), no demotion, and fixed wage system. Instead, it employs all staff on a contractual basis and through open competition; ten of the fourteen department heads were recruited this way.
! }* p! H1 R  A1 u$ LII. Typically examples of tense in English:
. X% r5 @7 q/ C3 n  m1.       当前，全世界都在关注着我国的改革。The whole world is watching the reforms in our country.
2.       过去两个超级大国主宰世界，现在情况变了。The world used to be dominated by two superpowers. Now things have changed.
  y# n" N( P0 A2 E( e3.       过去没有人知道淮河是能够徒涉的。Nobody had ever known that one could walk across the Huaihe River.
2 O& _7 d7 c# f. Z4.       又比如上海，目前完全有条件搞得更快一点。Shanghai is another example. It has all the necessary conditions for faster progress.
5.       我们要精兵简政，真正下放权力，扩大社会主义民主，把人民群众和基层组织的积极性调动起来。现在机构不是减少了，而是增加了。设立许多公司，实际是官办机构，用公司的形式吧放给下面的权又收了上来。（《邓小平文选》）We must streamline the administration, delegate real powers to lower levels and broaden the scope of socialist democracy, so as to bring into play the initiative of the masses and the grass-roots organizations. At present, the number of organizations, instead of being reduced, has actually increased. Many companies have been established that are actually government organs. Through these companies people at higher levels have taken back the powers already delegated to lower levels.
III Other examples from Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping
1.       深入实际工作对于找到各种问题的解决办法十分重要。It is important for you to plunge into practical work if you want to solve problems.
2.       要理顺各种经济关系需要几年时间。It will take some years to straighten out the relations between the various economic sectors.
  D9 h! }) U  ~- ?$ s: e! |" w( ~- m3.       前两年我们曾指出各级领导上存在着软弱涣散的状况，对严重刑事犯罪分子下不了手也是一种表现。Two years ago I pointed out that many leaders at various levels were weak and lax, as was shown by their tender-heartedness in dealing with persons guilty of grave criminal offences.
第二个内容是权力要下放，解决中央和地方的关系，同时地方各级也都有一个权力下放问题。Second, we should transfer some of the powers of the central authorities to local authorities in order to straighten out relations between the two. At the same time, local authorities should likewise transfer some of their powers to lower levels.