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[笔译初级] 口译笔译分类词汇(4):环境保护词汇

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发表于 2012-8-16 09:42:51 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
21世纪议程 Agenda 21 (the international plan of action adopted by governments in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro Brazil(巴西里约), — provides the global consensus on the road map towards sustainable development)
- y: e* i, A& [: B4 s; Q9 H3 y; e. z世界环境日 World Environment Day (June 5th each year)
- |3 Y! h  m* m6 B/ g世界环境日主题 World Environment Day Themes
& S# m+ u( \& Z8 o) A环境千年—行动起来吧!(2000) The Environment Millennium - Time to Act!/ G4 A" V  ]: C: z/ x
拯救地球就是拯救未来!(1999) Our Earth - Our Future - Just Save It!
3 U! j9 X: R7 S* |+ y1 k为了地球上的生命—拯救我们的海洋!(1998)For Life on Earth - Save Our Seas!  }. x  P5 g/ D6 K
为了地球上的生命(1997) For Life on Earth
& g; d9 ~  w+ A5 Q9 H$ m7 e我们的地球、居住地、家园(1996) Our Earth, Our Habitat, Our Home
8 s' n, r* e5 _. w8 |0 W国际生物多样性日 International Biodiversity Day (29 December)) Q% G; _. n: W! W3 Y
世界水日 World Water Day (22 March)$ A, F' k5 N9 C4 ]1 @3 T4 c
世界气象日 World Meteorological Day(23 March)
3 I/ f  P4 ^# Z1 c4 T世界海洋日 World Oceans Day (8 June )2 C) T. g+ I4 _( F& x+ f5 O$ T' S; T
联合国环境与发展大会(环发大会) United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED)
. U! ?) K& u1 V: n环发大会首脑会议 Summit Session of UNCED
6 ~9 Y$ ]% Z( N7 c; O4 d; D联合国环境规划署 United Nations Environment Programs (UNEP)9 Q8 j; W5 G4 }- U0 S+ q5 y( ^
2000年全球环境展望报告 GEO-2000; Global Environmental Outlook 2000$ `& ~/ N, ^, B  ]
入选“全球500佳奖” be elected to the rank of Global 500 Roll of Honor $ W  d: @4 L6 y
联合国人类居住中心 UN Center for Human Settlements (UNCHS)
/ u9 h; E  j3 J8 T改善人类居住环境最佳范例奖 Best Practices in Human Settlements Improvement& X# O! n$ c4 ~- y! S; j
人与生物圈方案 Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme (UNESCO)3 q( T  X9 M: L- F! a) _
中国21世纪议程 China’s Agenda 21
5 W" }# Z* l, v中国生物多样性保护行动计划 China Biological Diversity Protection Action Plan0 ?! y# l  J+ T! o; O2 V/ z
中国跨世纪绿色工程规划 China Trans-Century Green Project Plan9 j5 l; y$ e3 i  B; R& F; u
国家环境保护总局 State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA); W9 v/ y- n, l  I2 p5 `
中国环保基本方针 China’s guiding principles for environmental protection: W) b* a% ^  m! d% J& R' B
坚持环境保护基本国策 adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection# L  V4 Q( e  O& P7 ~$ N' j
推行可持续发展战略 pursue the strategy of sustainable development
3 z( x4 Q! @' s& w; k贯彻经济建设、城乡建设、环境建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展(三同步)的方针 carry out a strategy of synchronized planning, implementation and development in terms of economic and urban and rural development and environmental protection (the “three synchronizes” principle). I6 j4 o6 n! Y3 y- i8 Q) e
促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变 promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth
' S5 W, w( g0 t) s3 d$ S实现经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的统一 bring about harmony of economic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection
; P- L6 n# z; U+ L; w4 D中国环保基本政策 the basic policies of China’s environmental protection; O6 R9 W8 `- h) R% S6 k' X
预防为主、防治结合的政策 policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control5 v1 V, j# _% F( B
污染者负担的政策 “the-polluters-pay” policy
& b7 w! i5 m  _0 W+ c强化环境管理的政策 policy of tightening up environmental management
6 E! _2 c: l) B9 O  U一控双达标政策 policy of “One Order, Two Goals”: “一控”:12种工业污染物的排放量控制在国家规定的排放总量 The total discharge of 12 industrial pollutants in China by the end of 2000 shall not exceed the total amount mandated by the central government.; “双达标”: 1. 到2000年底,全国所有的工业污染源要达到国家或地方规定的污染物排放标准 The discharge of industrial pollutants should meet both national and local standards by the end of 2000. 2. 到2000年底,47个重点城市的空气和地面水达到国家规定的环境质量标准 2. Air and surface water quality in all urban districts in 47 major cities should meet related national standards by the end of 2000.
1 x6 M& e- Z" Z& r* r' i对新项目实行环境影响评估 conduct environmental impact assessments (EIA) on start-up projects- X& R- T: U6 h& M3 \, F
提高全民环保意识 raise environmental awareness amongst the general public0 ?5 X# x8 l' z# F, ]. D& n
查处违反环保法规案件 investigate and punish acts of violating laws and regulations on environmental protection
' B+ [% w0 ?% V3 j环保执法检查 environmental protection law enforcement inspection
6 H6 o% v5 }7 U1 V3 u: _限期治理 undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time  f- [( j+ J+ F
中国已加入的国际公约 international conventions into which China has accessed
, l5 B4 m, W6 I' A控制危险废物越境转移及其处置的巴塞尔公约 Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
4 s/ r& l& i- B关于消耗臭氧层物质的蒙特利尔议定书 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
1 O# t# C$ ~. u8 A3 B2 y生物多样性公约 Convention on Biological Diversity" N1 F+ R* W( u; Y$ W/ E; E
防治荒漠化国际公约 Convention to Combat Desertification8 a4 c, i3 ~4 }1 k8 P8 K0 e% b
气候变化框架公约 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
4 m; t/ e5 J. x4 W5 ]生态示范区 eco-demonstration region; environment-friendly region; R) b( J: V/ x& ?& q; q2 c1 I+ t
国家级生态示范区(珠海) Nationally Designated Eco-Demonstration Region
0 D+ @! Y: l) S9 n3 c- d; ?国家级园林城市 Nationally Designated Garden City0 N- S/ |; T! d: t* `. A
对水质和空气质量的影响 impact on the quality of the water and the air
3 q( F! w. B( e: m  t; ^6 W治理环境污染 curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-16 09:42:52 | 显示全部楼层

口译笔译分类词汇(4):环境保护词汇

海藻 mostly in polluted waters): D. a0 ]6 P/ G
工业固体废物 industrial solid wastes
3 ]: }1 _6 X3 M- u白色污染 white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics)
) N0 j1 x' X" `可降解一次性塑料袋 throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags- O" Z0 \" n0 _) v* Z
放射性废料积存 accumulation of radioactive waste
& }5 _0 ?# ]* C  u# J有机污染物 organic pollutants
2 Q5 g2 y. V: B9 S, J) i氰化物、 砷、汞排放 discharge of cyanide, arsenic, mercury
6 I! a, h7 N- a3 X+ @$ F% G$ O& R铅、镉、六价铬 lead, cadmium, sexivalent chromium
' g5 T$ H6 o: W" o( T城市垃圾无害化处理率 decontamination rate of urban refuse# d: P$ H. \# d, R$ W
垃圾填埋场 refuse landfill" L( Y6 e" v( a
垃圾焚化厂 refuse incinerator2 u2 I. M: b/ F; O
防止过度利用森林 protect forests from overexploitation
7 I9 T: ~: @: F2 _, y. |: c森林砍伐率 rate of deforestation
% C* e' m, A1 h; K  A, b水土流失 water and soil erosion
2 U; }4 c* \1 }7 j, B' A土壤盐碱化 soil alkalization
/ ?4 A  i# j4 x- [农药残留 pesticide residue
1 i- }3 A7 x5 U. J& u4 L1 z水土保持 conservation of water and soil
: X, P" j* o) F- s生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture
' u  w0 C6 J; Q. `% {( w: r水资源保护区 water resource conservation zone
3 n6 C' w: z  x. `# J海水淡化 sea water desalinization 0 i5 B9 {( {9 V; g2 l
保护珊瑚礁、红树林和渔业资源 protect coral reefs, mangrove and fishing resource
( d; @% B$ o% U& F& Q8 k9 W, B绿化祖国 turn the country green, D# D6 d: V$ \. S
全民义务植树日 National Tree-Planting Day
* s- C- t6 A; ~5 Q% o: z+ v% K3 ?造林工程 afforestation project  z9 D! h  c$ n: r3 d
绿化面积 afforested areas; greening space6 X3 E9 @. O+ {5 @7 B9 t
森林覆盖率 forest coverage4 z- y8 h8 u" t
防风林 wind breaks (防沙林 sand breaks)
6 A; ?6 @) J8 N6 k$ {0 q速生林 fast-growing trees
5 k2 X/ W$ f) Q9 V降低资源消耗率 slow down the rate of resource degradation, S0 C1 t2 t) s, E9 a, u, ]. r( ?
开发可再生资源 develop renewable resources3 @9 r) r; @/ ?
环保产品 environment-friendly products
+ a8 q6 h, K% d% d; Z  O自然保护区 nature reserve3 Y: H- L7 F3 v6 f/ T: v
野生动植物 wild animals and plants, wild fauna and flora7 B, V1 l: |+ o$ ^1 V
保护生存环境 conserve natural habitats
/ n/ \6 x" E! [濒危野生动物 endangered wildlife3 x+ F9 C0 [+ _% _' Q* J  J
珍稀濒危物种繁育基地 rare and endangered species breeding center
% {* h) I7 S7 T1 o: s9 g6 f& o自然生态系统 natural ecosystems0 ^" K% r0 q$ A5 v
防止沙漠化(治沙、抗沙) desertification
4 a( ?7 j' p: q1 m. e% [环境负荷 carrying capacity of environment' ^4 W3 |% M2 u! m# z( ^( o; ~
三废综合利用 multipurpose use of three types of wastes; `& m6 }8 m' P9 ]' @9 A! [
先天与后天,遗传与环境 nature-nurture- f. w. q. c0 ^, ~4 E
美化环境 landscaping design for environmental purposes
$ x) ]9 s6 k. q+ E; b防止沿海地带不可逆转恶化 protect coastal zones from irreversible degradation, O/ c3 D* X# S' B0 w
环境恶化 environmental degradation
/ V) [* l5 o( N, g& v城市化失控 uncontrolled urbanization
8 m% M; @& F" H$ ~1 V! w5 c温饱型农业 subsistence agriculture
+ c6 u( Q' K7 v3 E, a* ?贫困的恶性循环 vicious cycle of poverty9 P0 Q" Q: z+ r" Z* m) {
大气监测系统 atmospheric monitoring system' W3 a+ Z" @# x/ E- g3 ]1 u
空气污染浓度 air pollution concentration
& Z. j+ A0 }) T+ n5 a* f' b酸雨、越境空气污染 acid rain and transboundary air pollution
5 k6 Y3 z% C4 J4 ]! n5 h! ?: P二氧化硫排放 sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions
$ t# [& H2 g* y" ^$ \! B% v. R悬浮颗粒物 suspended particles ) i) E6 @; O( Y9 n5 h
工业粉尘排放 industrial dust discharged
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-16 09:42:53 | 显示全部楼层

口译笔译分类词汇(4):环境保护词汇

烟尘排放 soot emissions( A& c( R, ^1 r- ^. w  f8 J
二氧化氮 nitrate dioxide (NO2)2 a. v. V' _8 f
矿物燃料(煤、石油、天然气) fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas" {# R- g3 }" {% I( `
清洁能源 clean energy
. M- l6 ?( v) v$ }) D汽车尾气排放 motor vehicle exhaust  L1 x+ D; S& ^/ G
尾气净化器 exhaust purifier
  ?; @, s8 O& J) b, A无铅汽油 lead-free gasoline
5 m6 n' V# D+ K. w; X  E+ A天然气汽车 gas-fueled vehicles
: m5 _; q; O4 _6 R" T1 A电动汽车 cell-driven vehicles; battery cars) Y/ z) q0 ?( a9 z8 @: S( l6 U
氯氟烃 CFCs8 J7 s# y4 ]2 N5 i/ ~7 I
温室效应 greenhouse effect; @, q0 O% v& C3 I( j3 F
厄尔尼诺南徊 ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation)+ s5 m0 E- I: M2 K" y) w* U' p
噪音 noise (分贝 db; decibel)
* k# p0 H! z& X0 {/ B化学需氧量(衡量水污染程度的一个指标) COD;chemical oxygen demand
# Z/ r% A+ b% v2 K5 {8 k, t生物需氧量 BOD; biological oxygen demand
4 M' D0 J# ]2 L. u工业废水处理率 treatment rate of industrial effluents  x, T0 s( O/ x4 C
城市污水处理率 treatment rate of domestic sewage
6 A2 t' b+ k, P; C集中处理厂 centralized treatment plant
) G- r& ~' z2 k5 V. W1 a红潮 red tide (rapid propagation of sea algae
, [  _' K* s  C- b4 p: R6 B: Q* `1 L$ f- S) H2 l
英语“气象”用语表达法% L0 \7 x; m8 g; [# l# A
1、气候种类
5 \" `; J8 `: u" `6 \8 e/ r2 R! x5 J山地气候 mountain climate 恒风 constant wind 微风 breeze
0 P1 o+ J9 f" l2 m8 H- y4 ]/ i1 v! t冬季季风气候 winter monsoon climate 逆风 headwind 台风 typhoon: y  I% g$ Y( R+ p$ @1 V
季风气候 monsoon climate 高气压 high-pressure 锋面 frontal edge" i  H+ K; _/ c( \9 |" |
亚热带气候 sub-tropical climate 气团 air mass 热浪 heat wave/ Y& u& }) f( Z
高原气候 plateau climate 闪电 lightning 雾 fog
2 [  u; t( p; x# `8 |海滨气候 littoral climate 凉 cool 霜 frost; c7 Y2 c  {( ~
极地气候 polar climate 雪堆 snowdrift 露 dew
  I$ C. ~/ n- a. I热带气候 tropical climate 寒冷 chilly 3、风的名称
& R( s0 t6 j* B0 U+ R/ X温带沙漠气候 temperate desert climate 间歇雨 intermittent rain 无风 calm
3 W& E0 @% r- j温带干燥气候 temperate arid climate 大雨 heavy rain 轻风 light breeze4 v, q1 a3 I9 z/ r# f2 A/ }
热带季风气候 tropical monsson climate 信风 trade wind 微风 gentle breeze
" e7 x) d* G2 q: i7 |. f大陆气候 continental climate 天气预报 weather forecast 和风 moderate breeze' Z( |* s* l7 n/ b# y6 V  d
沙漠气候 desert climate 甘霖 welcome rain 清风 fresh breeze
2 H1 R' Q: E! }" u沿海气候 coastal climate 冰柱 icicle 强风 strong breeze
  S# J. Q# w  o% u# V; N% I! K高地气候 highland climate 西北风 northwester 疾风 near gale
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-16 09:42:54 | 显示全部楼层

口译笔译分类词汇(4):环境保护词汇

海洋气候 marine climate 地形雨 local rains 大风 gale
! i" A7 C6 W$ t) m8 r3 o7 Q森林气候 forest climate 狂风 squall 烈风 strong gale
4 I4 j  Q; O  G& M# y0 C温带气候 temperate climate 雨季 rainy season 狂风 storm
$ \% \3 q' D" ~  G8 N* A. _湿润气候 humid climate 雨点 raindrops 暴风 violent storm9 i# O0 s" T) H: E& ~- |. l
温带草原气候 temperate grassy climate 东北信风 northeast trades 飓风 hurricane! h4 [# x" D3 C3 }  L2 B, I8 p
热带雨林气候 tropical rainy climate 东南风 southeaster 台风 typhoon
" w' y  E3 R/ u8 w( e* ^& F8 ?热带海洋气候 tropical marine climate 风级 wind scale 龙卷风 tornado
' ~6 ]8 s2 _' o) X6 y* W9 E: D2、气象用语 虹 rainbow 4、浪的名称
6 F5 P) n& [5 h, C5 B( Y$ z3 e小雨 light rain 阵雨 shower 平静 calm5 I. x9 [8 ^! N) l2 T$ T
毛毛雨 drizzle,fine rain 疾风 gusty wind 微波 rippled: m) _- H* ^2 G  j! X- n
反常天气 freakish weather 气旋 cyclone 微浪 smooth wavelets
9 T' R* d$ N* v) K9 y: X/ Z北风 north wind 气压 barometric pressure 细浪 light seas: F0 H, y% Z8 s/ V9 r( t% n
冰 ice 阴天 cloudy day 小浪 moderate seas/ p# K  G/ [2 E$ V' k
冰点 freezing point 雪花 snow flake 中浪 rough seas4 X4 G; I$ g7 ^4 A. N# g$ P* m
西南风 southwester 晴 clear 大浪 very rough seas# g  ^/ a  P( j. m
冷峰 cold front 顺风 favorable wind 强浪 high seas" P' q7 s! i9 [* N+ Z" l
低气压 low-pressure 闷热天气 muggy weather 巨浪 very high seas
  O& V$ a8 j1 \' K$ s  b雨量 rainfall 雹 hail 狂浪 monster waves
; Q- ^0 a7 Q) {$ a" x( s  o东北风 northeaster 雷 thunder 5、自然灾害
+ j$ O7 F* C5 i* V3 ^" v东风 east wind 滂沱大雨 downpour 火山地震 volcanic earthquake
" M- b" R* M+ D0 T- f! U炎热 scorching heat 暖锋 warm front 海啸 tidal wave- _. `7 Y, B4 H- |/ u
风眼 eye of a storm 零度 zero 山崩 landslide6 o& G* C9 e+ `1 Y0 g# }2 {
零度以下 subzero
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