词义的褒贬 语言本身虽没有阶级性,但在具体使用时不可能不为一定的阶级服务。为了忠
, m; K0 j- M c6 C1 |! v+ g 实于原文的思想内容,翻译时必须正确理解原作者的基本政治立场和观点,然后选/ ]$ I' r |2 c! |% D+ e" W9 |7 f
用适当的语言手段来加以表达。原文中有些词本身就表示褒贬意义,就应该把褒贬2 h1 p/ [* \, T5 a6 V5 l) J P
意义相应地表达出来;但也有些词语孤立起来看似乎是中性的,译成汉语时就要根" v+ ^! d) x4 X$ \+ X; |7 i) i
据上下文恰如其分地把它们的褒义或贬义表达出来。; B) T9 u& B! C% [1 w
(一)英语中有些词本身就有褒贬意义,汉译时就应相应地表达出来,如:9 f* l! I1 g: F, ^
1)He was a man of high renown (fame).. A0 _8 G5 @ t5 R! V- C" P
他是位有名望的人。(褒)5 i+ _6 V3 T0 C3 c; [
2)His notoriety as a rake did not come until his death .( @7 Y# q ^7 w& E
他作为流氓的恶名是他死后才传开的。(贬)$ f W: e9 N: }2 L
3)The tasks carried out by them are praiseworthy.; Z6 V! U7 b( f( h
他们进行的事业是值得赞扬的。(褒)' x& W6 s4 ?& \( q2 o- }. x$ |
4)Henry keeps boasting that he has talked to the President.3 }# m! u' K6 r
亨利总是吹嘘说他曾同总统谈过话。(贬)/ y% w3 s6 _5 _( E# J3 Z: h
5)"He was polite and always gave advice willingly," she recalled.
% n s3 t v5 k4 C) c 她回忆说,“他彬彬有礼,总是诲人不倦。”(褒)
, R. @' e" t% ^ ? 6)We were shocked by his coarse manners.2 v3 U" }3 z D$ y) K
我们对他的粗暴态度感到震惊。(贬) |