在中高级口译考试的汉英翻译部分大多数考生都会遇到的一个问题是想要把译文做到精彩,可惜巧妇难为无米之炊。要翻促进发展,一律promote development;要翻许多,通通many。诸如此类的词汇,被笔者称之为“滥词”,即被用到泛滥的词汇。如果是追求反应速度和效率的口译部分,这样的译文当然没有问题。可是在时间充裕的笔译部分,这样的简单词汇无疑会令译文质量打上折扣。至少,无法让阅卷人眼前一亮,难获高分。
( \% V8 @$ r8 T8 F& y 出于对以上问题的考虑,笔者总结了中高级口译考试汉英翻译题中出现频率最高的30个常用单词/词组的替换方案,以期帮助同学在短时间内积累一定的亮点词汇。需要提醒同学们注意的有两点。一是各个亮点词汇绝不是被替换词的同义词,不可胡乱使用,其具体用法请自行查阅词典。如waste的替换词中,squander是动词,luxurious是形容词,用法完全不同。二是建议同学在此基础上继续自行积累,多多益善,方能在考场上厚积薄发。2 _$ K7 E: t' I" G
(1)give给,提供
& W6 u. s: O" @) V; g+ g offer,supply,provide,furnish ,distribute,allocate
* {8 I# S M/ G! K/ j (2)get得到
8 [5 `7 R) P4 C2 K' F receive/accept,gain,acquire,obtain,attain,earn
. I( K$ E5 ]& R. `% x6 k (3)many/much/a lot of/lots of许多# Z# M3 d$ ?* g( {7 E1 F8 |
a large number of,a multitude of,plenty of
9 L2 ?9 {' e1 j1 f; m an enormous amount/huge amounts of,a great/good deal of
4 ~9 p$ g- k* \. C7 V/ m (4)poor贫穷的
3 v; r0 G- n2 I% t! y P poverty-stricken,destitute,impoverished
4 C! |( @) B7 L) m, F2 H (5)rich富有的
; C9 {4 O1 y. N) { wealthy,well off,affluent,prosperous/ H: x q* }# Y- |& X2 V- ~1 c1 Z
(6)certainly一定
- W1 Z; m: a q inevitable,unavoidable,be doomed to,be bound to
+ u! z- ?* r- c$ i W, A) v1 ^- _ (7)all所有,全部
2 d7 L( V0 N: }2 S0 A9 Q universal,widespread,prevalent,whole,entire
/ l1 V" [8 y n- D4 ` (8)enough足够
+ ~% s2 G- o, B3 o/ w ample,sufficient,adequate
4 u; I& c9 _0 w1 l" J (9)show显示,展现
' p7 m5 U1 [$ m o' K. D indicate,demonstrate,illustrate,suggest,display,showcase' r, Y+ Q5 w* d8 w) H/ X' ?9 g. ~
(10)risk/danger危险5 Q* ?; c4 |6 k, J5 p6 P3 j
hazard,peril,jeopardize,endanger,menace
1 ^% Y2 r' Z/ B (11)way方法,办法,手段
" R$ N# K6 ^; b; a- Q$ ^ measure,method,means,approach- E3 M9 U8 X2 r _# J' H! |
(12)catch,attractive吸引,有吸引力的
6 R* T( w1 t( s9 R1 }$ z obsess,immerse,fascinate,enchant9 j4 E) D( `$ V* n1 r4 C4 c
charming,inviting,alluring,appealing, w4 }% c- ]# d9 x1 K" c
(13)harm/damage破坏(的),有害(的)
4 Y% @, i! m u' t( }/ F; x destructive,devastating,detrimental,undermine" }2 J+ U8 }. k3 u# z
(14)useful/helpful有用的
& }% y5 K4 V) G effective,practical,valuable,invaluable,conducive
: Z+ b; j4 P) ~" f9 y (15)great/wonderful伟大的
. p8 A1 P+ o3 Q7 Q, p1 S6 Z# o* e incredible,amazing,sublime,extraordinary,magnificent,glorious
1 ~$ |% Z2 O) o3 S3 Z& L (16)try,effort努力
8 V; C( R) V) q( m5 d. p endeavor,strive to do sth/for sth) A/ i5 e9 T& q! u
(17)famous著名的
% w) u* X& e; B( o+ ^: r" x well-known,celebrated,noted,eminent,renowned
1 d, o5 h Z6 X- j- c2 w# A# f (18)difficulty困难,困境
% q! X; \& `3 Q$ z. r3 o, q adversity,hardship,plight,predicament
/ ^! ]' {, n4 | J3 ? setback,hurdle,obstacle/ `- e$ _* K ^# x3 P9 v- j* K- K" l
(19)focus on集中5 \4 n6 n6 N. K5 \
center on,concentrate on
) u- I, v$ w9 x2 n+ |( m (20)so所以) ~: p4 b" z% Q' N) r( o
consequently,therefore,as a result
) {" X `, f% P8 p) y (21)because因为- R% Y! v- m9 L
as a result of;attribute/ascribe A to B1 a) @6 D7 ^' ~ n3 X: r
(22)press(ure)压力6 B1 V% |% ]( Z0 a7 b% L$ I
place/put a (heavy) burden on;strain
- ^2 g' B# g4 S: i4 Y (23)about大约7 N1 J0 r+ {% w8 h. N, E8 r
approximately,roughly6 I, J0 t9 A9 B- v6 i# {, b4 f
(24)cooperate合作8 `5 Y& M7 r, H: r/ V
Collaborate,join hands in doing sth/ ]- n6 a3 h8 U1 l8 j
(25)waste浪费(的)
. ?( R; @0 _4 p4 @3 ] Squander,fritter,luxurious
" p. o g4 c" u! B( l+ h v6 o (26)save/economical节约(的)$ V% c( d* g4 p& O6 e9 q
Thrifty,conserve
( R* a. h4 ~2 H6 \7 E8 y% P2 I8 ` (27)develop发展0 p( J: B: L+ [/ e& @6 n9 B
Thrive,evolve,burgeon E$ `" n R: C/ ^: }
(28)promote促进) t+ \; S' r& N
Boost,give a boost to,accelerate
; J& [% N% p8 _) X* x (29)delay,postpone暂缓,延期
* ^- }3 M" s; }: X, [+ z9 {( o shelve( x* a2 I8 x8 r3 j7 Y0 g; g6 R
(30)deal with应对,处理* T* K T3 g! T: H1 g$ _+ w
Cope with,grapple with,address,tackle |