英语指导：口译专业速记符号大全（二）

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2. Use technical symbols where applicable.
zb   =   German, for example
4 H# u5 l' x' ribid   =   Latin, the same work
o   =   degrees
( f* G: A: H& x3 X7 t% T" F# _H2O   =   water More reference:
% `! |( t% T. f( b% n" z* ~% GUse standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:
8 B) D1 w$ G  ]: ]! b" c5 y& N+ plus
// parallel
Use standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:
0 w* a$ r$ a3 w& _  J) ]8 j5 T/ _eg example
IT dept Information Technology department
UK United Kingdom
Use only the first syllable of a word. Examples:
mar marketing
, d% P( @& R* x; I/ ucus customer
cli client
Use the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:
; O& W$ N+ ]- Lsubj subject
budg budget
ind individual
To distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples:
* D3 Q. [+ C: i& q, Ttech'gy technology
gen'ion generalisation
* R5 Q  k4 Y- b' j3 c* C' Edel'y delivery
Use just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples:
; ]& y6 |" \; G! `assoc associated
ach achievement
info information
+ O8 L" G6 Z; O/ k2 D( C5 @Omit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples:
: I$ X  Y" \0 W: [6 ?bkgd background
2 f! O/ R! |( I& {8 Umvmt movement
prblm problem
Form the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples:
% a$ M5 m. Q5 `custs customers
9 A- n' }# l9 K$ Hfs frequencies
4 Z  U3 H* U' ~- F' h7 O6 q/s ratios
Use 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:
- q$ \8 r/ G4 r* P& Vdecrg decreasing
ckg checking
3 i1 d7 i: P( I# uestblg establishing
Spell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:
" j+ B$ I) {8 r' w. sin
" f! E( {. m( \3 k5 a$ w' F' |but
$ \6 k7 X$ e! W; u7 c6 @as
% H; B4 e4 @7 Ykey
2 a0 s; V- w8 z1 s( V8 ]/ nLeave out unimportant verbs. Examples:
3 q2 A4 V1 U! g: {0 [9 P( ]& Dis
5 I7 g4 e$ b  \% C6 R* twas
# N% V- U0 O% Uwere
8 q% Y) J6 Q9 E/ m: o% x" j, S0 r9 yLeave out unnecessary articles. Examples:
a
6 k; m. ^0 b! oan
the
% F8 K: v; [& c( |# _If a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:
0 |/ O+ Q" @9 i) aJanuary Advertising Campaign Budget JACB
Use symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:
3 ^& V5 H" _& H/ \" O* N@ at
# t7 ?1 |- P7 e) n6 j& a; k) y1 r$ P9 h2 to
: S  f1 |! F  m! i4 for
9 j  u- v: L6 U& and
w/ with
$ |0 h' a- I# O0 uw/o without
vs against
; Z" Y/ o* z3 @Create your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects.
Other Symbols and Abbreviations
1 W5 C$ E$ ~/ D9 X" @0 [as a result of / consequences of
resulting in --->
+ c% g4 V6 ^, |" F5 land / also +
3 ^/ _" X0 E6 z+ e5 d. B1 Zequal to / same as =
following ff
most importantly *
less than
- l& h3 T  o& W+ }) V
especially esp.