Starke Verben - Strong Verbs - G-M
- ?3 N* C0 t3 k! }: s INFINITIV PR?TERITUM
& l" B. {+ d3 a, G% B7 @- I) P5 _ (Preterite) PERFEKT
! \+ L: [0 U; c2 f/ ` (Past Participle)- t! V! C7 O' x% Y+ C8 G/ A. e
G
! s+ j6 |- [8 j4 }+ ^& ^: k# c g?ren ferment gor fermented gegoren fermented
) P& a; |% _- d* | geb?ren bear (child) gebar bore geboren born$ g9 A9 s, a, M* ^9 F
geben give gab gave gegeben given3 R7 y5 J9 j4 x* l* O# u8 z
gedeihen flourish gedieh flourished ist gediehen flourished, e8 u- @% ?9 H" R8 Z$ C
gefallen be pleasing, like gefiel liked gefallen liked
+ J# l4 B- n* b. x6 I gehen go ging went ist gegangen gone: }; G, o/ q: ~* f+ g
gelingen succeed gelang succeeded ist gelungen succeeded
. x2 ^# G; Z8 |0 g$ ?1 o6 n$ q gelten be valid galt was valid gegolten been valid
9 j S; I* F8 ? genesen recover genas recovered genesen recovered
2 }4 B+ A3 g4 ?! e; N: I genie?en enjoy geno? enjoyed genossen enjoyed
* q! z+ G) X+ ]3 I geschehen happen geschah happened ist geschehen happened/ `5 r& h. L V" U+ j6 h
gewinnen win gewann won gewonnen won9 I7 u1 O" M K5 W( I [
gie?en pour go? poured gegossen poured
X3 C z ?# G; R1 i5 `: t3 V gleichen resemble glich resembled geglichen resembled" u/ ^- I. l0 Y3 B; v- Y
gleiten glide, slide glitt glided ist geglitten glided
, I$ l4 T6 @9 |" a9 \ glimmen glow, smoulder glomm* glowed ist geglommen* glowed8 u& m- x! `0 C0 Y! N; s& R
*Also glimmte and hat geglimmt (weak)" T4 c) K6 @& _2 w2 _
graben dig grub dug gegraben dug" ~8 N' \! o `0 l( |# ]
greifen grasp griff grasped gegriffen grasped3 [7 d2 f# F4 m7 N _2 j& X! U( W
H, c/ U3 V) A& Y! a+ z& ^
haben have hatte had gehabt had5 v' o7 ^+ ^9 ^& V G \) e; @( X
For the complete conjugation of the verb haben in the present tense, see Lesson 4 of German for Beginners. x! d; U- G+ R) Q, ]' q1 h: m
halten hold hielt held gehalten held( @8 Y# w L' c% Y& ?
h?ngen hang hing hung/hanged* gehangen hung/hanged*% |1 L. D: v; o6 |0 A
*The verb h?ngen is weak in transitive situations ("Er h?ngte das Bild an die Wand.") and strong in intransitive situations ("Das Bild hing an der Wand.").3 h" U: o% Z: e1 H; w
hauen hew, hit haute* hit gehauen hit4 ^: f6 M* Y3 s
*The strong past form hieb is used when the meaning is "struck (him) with a weapon."
. ? T. Y9 d4 D) T4 N: w heben lift hob lifted gehoben lifted( j! l: d3 w2 H) p% x: x* k
hei?en be called hie? named gehei?en named! B2 m) Y4 M. ]4 {- O; A, h
helfen help half helped geholfen helped
* `% |% Q8 Z/ O! V, M See the ablaut groups for learning the various patterns (a-u-a, e-a-o, etc.) of German strong verbs.) l0 o) G6 z0 O# B
K$ M' @- n3 @1 i3 Y- x( {: M
kennen* know kannte knew gekannt known
& O0 `* n( r0 J+ k# w *The verb kennen is a "mixed" verb, combining elements of strong and weak verbs. For more see our Mixed Verbs page.
& ` y, z ?' G- F2 i f+ n2 G0 ` klingen ring klang rang geklungen rung& q- V" J% a! p( Q, Y6 t# Y2 X
kneifen pinch kniff pinched gekniffen pinched
/ F, X3 K" ` S" \ kommen come kam came ist gekommen come
" S3 Z+ p5 a" l: l7 ] W k?nnen can konnte could gekonnt* could
- i1 [" `+ G6 | P9 W. [0 S. ? *With an infinitive, the past participle is k?nnen: "Ich habe nicht gehen k?nnen."4 m: [ Y1 M! b2 x& X
kriechen crawl kroch crawled ist gekrochen crawled
" D0 l8 w; v) v# Z$ T1 ? L
, G; B( \! L) Y* ~6 F3 K laden load lud loaded geladen loaded
- c5 G6 e( Z8 L9 T$ I( V lassen let, allow lie? let gelassen let
( i1 y5 x6 X2 ^- @ laufen run lief ran ist gelaufen run8 H4 K. m! K) \5 I/ K3 e
leiden suffer litt suffered gelitten suffered
# J1 ~0 b! w0 C; V) g! K8 x! Y# C5 k0 a leihen lend lieh lent geliehen lent
& N4 z% v1 k3 S0 ? R5 \ lesen read las read gelesen read
6 I" o1 j6 ^4 W1 S( Y liegen* lie lag lay gelegen lain
+ J( C4 l$ a9 o: l9 R( r8 _ S *Do not confuse liegen (lie, recline, strong) and (sich) legen (lay, put, weak)!: c& {6 G* t; k6 Z/ d
lügen lie log lied gelogen lied' g- p! N( C5 @" H
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mahlen grind mahlte ground gemahlen ground
' L3 d: Q0 F, y& O8 _6 i2 w: K meiden avoid mied avoided gemieden avoided
8 l* u3 [9 D' Z2 e) Z1 r- w messen measure ma? measured gemessen measured( t$ n7 k5 _ E4 t! I$ n
misslingen fail misslang failed misslungen failed4 `7 H# H+ ]' ?4 N i6 t7 {
m?gen like mochte liked gemocht* liked. |# j. W4 W! h0 h% V
*With an infinitive, the past participle is m?gen: "Sie hat nicht gehen m?gen."- S2 Z* p8 i3 g( d( G% C
müssen must musste had to gemusst* had to0 X) A8 ?% `) a9 g- {- x+ k' G
*Used with an infinitive, as with all modals, the past participle is the infinitive müssen: "Wir haben nicht gehen müssen." |