意大利词汇学习:职位名称

会计考友

　　You probably know that for every professore there is a professoressa, and for every studente there is a studentessa. But how about other nouns of profession, status, or relation that have a male and a female version?
7 o0 U' L5 C  j+ u　　Most masculine nouns ending in -tore become feminine by changing -tore to -trice (see table below).
　　GENDERED NOUNS: FROM -TORE TO -TRICE
4 u, d4 M! \' n. b' X- \5 N　　MASCULINE
　　FEMININE
: t8 j- P/ Y7 N　　ENGLISH
　　attore
　　attrice
" t: X6 C' x6 G9 \　　actor
# z8 z' j) u5 Z' h　　autore
0 t7 P. ~( r) ~1 E) H; o2 h　　autrice
　　author
. N" e/ A2 ], K* C　　direttore
　　direttrice
& P% o5 t  |- f, Q　　director
( ?, v4 Q. A! [3 B. K　　imperatore
# I$ p' n! @% h7 u. z$ a# {; I) C　　imperatrice
+ h* {  `4 H) r　　emperor/empress
0 Z8 T0 S" L" o7 R8 k　　lavoratore
- u/ b7 n; [: Z　　lavoratrice
　　worker
　　pittore
- ^/ T! U. A+ \( v/ U( N! J$ ^! V　　pittrice
　　painter
  X) m! |" Q$ _- M　　scrittore
& v4 T: s6 d6 H! v6 T　　scrittrice
- ?7 C# i( u) C2 o6 k) r　　writer
　　stiratore
* i: j! I, S' g( p　　stiratrice
2 U/ X2 F0 F6 S, A! ~0 q( Y% a　　presser
2 n; E$ }1 l- f7 g　　traditore
　　traditrice
8 U$ C/ l: }3 k- h1 ^　　traitor
　　traduttore
9 r' l4 _  B  I, g: [' F　　traduttrice
0 c8 }" f# E" H& Y　　translator
* ~' M3 A9 g7 {- h5 k　　Some masculine nouns become feminine by changing their final vowel to -a (see table below).
　　GENDERED NOUNS THAT GAIN AN -A IN THE FEMININE
　　MASCULINE
　　FEMININE
: M( b1 u2 s3 ?' r7 w　　ENGLISH
　　cameriere
: o7 I8 U% u$ ?1 K7 Z! e) t　　cameriera
　　waiter/waitress
; q( ?& g' \0 Z% K" [7 q( S( L, {　　cassiere
; o3 X' o4 I( n　　cassiera
　　bank teller
% ?) o- a+ x! l9 \　　figlio
　　figlia
　　son/daughter
/ i5 N2 S- s0 t( K- E4 a& Q) I　　giardiniere
　　giardiniera
* q  x( J$ M$ t% t/ ^$ p% s　　gardener
  P3 [& P4 s/ j! H- a+ B# W, t　　infermiere
　　infermiera
　　nurse
  E) t9 n  a; w　　marchese
' |; L- h' t6 P/ c- }　　marchesa
　　marquis/marchioness
　　padrone
% D3 y+ e$ g4 n3 i3 {, V　　padrona

会计考友

　　boss, owner
' G7 H$ f  Z- U　　portiere
1 ]' l' I# k" I" l( l- y7 A　　portiera
$ d7 {- d$ B# j$ W: j- k  S　　doorman/doorwoman
$ m$ d3 H: i1 r1 t* }7 S" \- w　　sarto
　　sarta
3 N+ X! _6 d) H　　tailor/dressmaker
) Z- d- ?- S! |+ u  [　　signore
　　signora
　　Mr./Mrs.
! j- k; \4 N0 Q5 v　　Take note that there are certain names of professions that end in -a regardless of whether the term refers to a male or a female. In such case, the gender distinction is made by the definite article: il giornalista/la giornalista, il dentista/la dentista. The plurals of these professions follow the same general rule as with any other noun: Plural masculine nouns end in -i (i giornalisti, i dentisi), plural feminine nouns end in -e (le giornaliste, le dentiste).
7 i' L* a9 R+ c  k7 \! Z( h( `2 u+ n　　Finally, certain masculine nouns become feminine by replacing their final vowel with -essa (see the following table).
/ n2 T; [) o! d* r1 o! ~: q$ L1 T　　GENDERED NOUNS THAT GAIN AN -ESSA IN THE FEMININE
　　MASCULINE
7 q, Q- T) e# ]8 U& s* K　　FEMININE
　　ENGLISH
& q, p: N0 T$ s2 J4 \% y- g' l　　avvocato
　　avvocatessa
6 J- m& n& d, W- Y　　lawyer
8 H9 d" B2 L/ P- c5 p　　campione
　　campionessa
　　champion
! ~: I, \8 D; n" n　　conte
　　contessa
  K. {0 z+ U/ `7 K　　count/countess
　　dottore
3 r7 E4 R0 r/ t, Z: b　　dottoressa
　　doctor
" J- E" f$ ?  P6 \　　oste
* J3 A0 H6 R5 M) t3 C6 F　　ostessa
& g4 P! f/ L" z. Y! {8 \& Z　　host/hostess
5 B2 {+ O9 |- y( S$ V; C　　poeta
　　poetessa
　　poet
; r5 t; T6 |7 Y$ T! U$ r5 [5 Z　　principe
% [: Z5 m( }0 D　　principessa
　　prince/princess
　　profeta
　　profetessa
3 u8 \0 E5 f  A9 X6 n0 y　　prophet
, a( @. D" H6 u# g. u* t　　sacerdote
, @) n2 [6 S7 @2 t$ {　　sacerdotessa
7 N2 z3 l, O* L4 L9 M2 ~　　high priest/priestess
6 c# T9 {  Q8 A. ]! G- J; h  p; r　　studente
　　studentessa
* i, N4 Y- j1 B0 a, P( y1 {7 f　　student