You probably know that for every professore there is a professoressa, and for every studente there is a studentessa. But how about other nouns of profession, status, or relation that have a male and a female version?" c9 `1 |. d7 f4 c& }
Most masculine nouns ending in -tore become feminine by changing -tore to -trice (see table below).
* ~( \5 ?2 \4 J: f! d: `6 n GENDERED NOUNS: FROM -TORE TO -TRICE
, X+ k# s! \. x" u& J+ n% ]0 a MASCULINE% S# z( g7 m' P! Z% F# A7 u
FEMININE
4 }8 W& ]; Y3 K1 } ENGLISH
) R! f8 C; t# w+ `" E attore* _& T8 i4 {* m
attrice# ^ X$ E. E6 j9 x' } D7 W9 h$ U
actor! s; [% J8 F) o" `8 s
autore
$ o8 b$ p% ]" z3 O1 k autrice
0 X: B3 P: d4 {) O+ _' j3 Z/ z( J author
0 v0 m, w! ~* K- O& O direttore
( u5 [$ x, s. ?0 ?9 y direttrice
% k- {- b2 }. A9 X' k% L0 T director+ \4 h5 P T# j# o* X
imperatore
8 m$ b2 Y1 W# q2 k imperatrice' S5 M f v+ K$ g: e
emperor/empress
- v/ @7 b; r! J lavoratore+ E. [# X2 V+ }: m) A2 q& o! Y
lavoratrice
& k1 K( O0 Y0 A+ Y! ]# |2 m worker0 V8 b. U7 H8 u
pittore
0 y: j# a3 P& L( }' y/ Z pittrice; {+ \/ ?8 s4 l3 X9 c" D7 a% p
painter
% ]3 t( h$ \7 C3 u& x* M8 i scrittore
6 U! J2 s+ N" _6 x scrittrice" `9 ]1 l/ m2 [( @6 {0 L
writer9 j' X' `0 _+ n0 Y9 f3 [/ ~5 e r
stiratore7 g# y2 s. c6 ~3 \; |
stiratrice5 M- y2 Z& ]" r& _8 F' V# v
presser' t( Z" Y) m2 C# A" |
traditore; }0 \- b& g9 `$ t& b w' ?
traditrice7 J6 r- S& H ]
traitor
3 G) |0 A {* H- ~. C traduttore
) `( X; M& p ?" i5 v9 ` traduttrice
- R. p# [5 i. n* K$ p translator/ }2 c8 ^& p Z8 r: }4 |6 }/ }+ Q
Some masculine nouns become feminine by changing their final vowel to -a (see table below).9 A0 Z( L2 }' Q7 a/ T! }
GENDERED NOUNS THAT GAIN AN -A IN THE FEMININE
% _: D9 T4 L Y, ?% O MASCULINE
: D" t$ q7 [; ~ FEMININE) b9 a2 c. y$ _, h
ENGLISH
5 x# f# \, ~) I cameriere( z. x! `7 `! k0 u1 v
cameriera
8 a. V% b3 p g waiter/waitress
& K/ h! f$ T0 G# Z' Q8 Z0 G3 \) ^ cassiere" f1 \- p0 F7 y! b5 Q& y; X
cassiera7 G/ X }1 Q" n9 n7 z
bank teller% v9 R# [2 z& v/ I4 u C( p
figlio' v5 N$ P# _; w4 N n
figlia) y t9 i3 V4 p* D& V
son/daughter5 ]& |* q. j8 } K O- R! M
giardiniere" p) t6 r, q- B+ d+ ^# n
giardiniera5 G' U a {8 o+ ^1 O6 S# u- n8 y
gardener$ \- O+ I! c ^
infermiere
( n& s4 G v& R; @# w Z: j3 F! E infermiera
9 A: [- c9 Y3 {; ~5 c# w nurse
) b0 U1 _+ g- k8 W6 ]8 O marchese
" d- J& k& S4 x9 \ marchesa
" F7 F5 M: w# } marquis/marchioness
1 ~( N! g) n5 i0 w B padrone
8 ^) }. E" ?& p a" e# @ padrona$ a& `. Y6 w1 J7 Q
boss, owner, J5 }9 q# \. o" v$ w4 B; P
portiere: i& j+ B. l8 A( ~
portiera$ e+ M, s f# n& m* q$ Q
doorman/doorwoman7 I1 E6 H+ G+ w$ X, \, r& k
sarto" j) J# x+ {( G: ^" x3 b
sarta! h. {7 i8 E+ f4 A$ M) ?0 O o4 L" V1 H
tailor/dressmaker
, F: `) P8 Y9 M/ K% J* @7 A signore/ Z8 B2 N9 y5 N
signora) W" a$ Z9 K, B. o- I, H
Mr./Mrs.
( C! z8 D: G6 [ Take note that there are certain names of professions that end in -a regardless of whether the term refers to a male or a female. In such case, the gender distinction is made by the definite article: il giornalista/la giornalista, il dentista/la dentista. The plurals of these professions follow the same general rule as with any other noun: Plural masculine nouns end in -i (i giornalisti, i dentisi), plural feminine nouns end in -e (le giornaliste, le dentiste). |
发表于 2012-8-17 13:46:23
