第三节 冠词
4 n3 n2 M9 g) r) I% k2 w. W 冠词有两种,一是不定冠词a/an,另外一种是定冠词the(有的语法学家说有三种冠词,这另外一种是零念冠词,这里我们不讨论)。
9 H# B6 e" f, |6 v' g1 M; ~" ^ 一、不定冠词及其用法
) F- G7 Z- X6 C j6 t- ^ 1. 可数名词在表泛指时,要加不定冠词“a/an”表示“一个”,“每一”相当于one或表示某一% W6 G, L6 h8 P$ N# p# }
2. a用在辅音音素(即音标中的辅音而不是辅音字母)之前,如a European scientist.an用在元音音素(音标中的元音而不是指元音字母)之前,如an Xray examination
( t$ i: n8 i3 H/ { 3. 跟汉语一样,并列的两个单数名词表示一个概念,第二个名词前的不定冠词a可以省去,以避免重复
# ^7 z+ P$ [# L; n/ K/ Y 二、定冠词的用法
6 P/ B6 U- h. } 1. 一般来说,普通名词有特指和泛指,如果特指,就要加定冠词;如果泛指,可数名词前加不定冠词,或用其复数形式
8 a6 i. }. R3 Q+ w$ y! o+ m 2. 定冠词the主要和名词连用,表示某些特定的人或事物4 o6 v$ X8 j4 R/ j4 o) V
3. 由of引起的限定性短语(作定语)所修饰的词前加the
4 L$ f8 ?. g0 J6 @ 4. 表示身体的某一部位,用the代替物主代词my, our, your, his, her等& T2 V% H8 f8 ^$ Y! H$ A, C8 E
5. 表示江河海洋,海峡海湾,山脉和群岛及有些湖泊之前用the& s5 F9 u6 h0 Q9 F% P
6. 定冠词the加姓氏的复数,表示某某一家人,如果做主语,谓语动词要用复数
J8 c0 `# }- A1 D3 @) W- l 7. 当一个抽象名词,不表示一般的概念而是表示某一特定的内容时加定冠词the" r* f0 ?9 t! a5 N
8. 由普通名词和一些其他词构成的专有名词前加the/ F2 e, L: S- L6 o. Y, h
the People's Republic of China
, p! \. k: Y9 S& e! B W- z 三、同步练习
9 D+ K+ d2 D# `% Z; F 1. ____rose is____beautiful flower.
: j7 E: m& I& S! u. L; _) E 2.Mr. Smith always smokes____cigarette with ____cup of coffee.
0 D" O% w# {; d9 I$ n 3.____door of____garage is broken." j; \: G, V0 q+ y, x
4.____donkeys are ____ stupid animals." C% g C, F& [# g( m1 ~
5.____bread is made from ____ flour,and ____flour is made from ____wheat.
9 H/ L8 Q- f) \) P& N 6.She is ____good musician;she plays ____piano beautifully.8 L0 g6 D6 m5 \/ j/ K
7.Thousands of ____visitors go to ____Great Wall every ____day." u+ u9 f& U( f7 K0 B3 U8 V
8.When he was enghteen,he joined ____navy.
7 S. u& g4 ]. R5 V2 J% R0 b( v" M 9.He sent me ____letter and ____postcard;____letter didn't arrive.9 h" Q/ n( v9 Z9 g
10.Li is not at ____office;I think he's gone____home.. \, a1 c0 l& Y
11.Is there ____telephone here?
) S B4 v7 Y" f* f 12.She is studying ____English and ____French.( K# @' ]5 _' T) v4 \: B4 k
13.I bought ____pen and some paper,but I left____pen in ____shop.0 B! `8 J) i! G$ ^* b6 G8 d1 v
14.____machine is made of ____steel and ____copper.
2 S+ D, I2 r" v, e+ z5 a 15.____honesty is ____best policy.
0 T. }# `: @9 l R 16.____coal is 60 dollars ____ton at the moment.
5 I v4 W' T, p9 |+ n 17.I stay at ____home last night and listened to ____radio.' \6 d: ~$ L* \! ?9 A' P5 r) G
18.We went to Paris and saw ____Palace of Versailles.+ A Q4 B" S; @& j6 e
19.He goes back to ____ country to see his people once ____year.8 p; b: p' V7 r3 m! n+ d u2 }
20.____Liu's are going to ____cinema.
5 _* U: V" M) q+ [4 C' } W2 ~ 四、答案
) O/ u" j5 V ]& Z# h8 p: F* m 1.the(或 a),a 2.a,a 3.the,the 4.x,x 5.x,x,x,x 6.a,the
2 K& m* b* f1 _. p0 q 7.x,the,x 8.the 9.a,a,the 10.the,x 11.a 12.x,x 13.a,the,the
+ @7 r, N, m4 w. @% I2 P 14.the,x,x 15.x,the 16.x,a 17.x,the 18.x,the 19.the,a 20.the,the8 G7 L1 Q s" @ p. K( y5 B
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