As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
. E7 d, P1 z2 a The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.
) Q. U: i: Y% e9 r 典型例题0 d$ |; ]& K" o6 m/ @+ f
1)Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.6 e$ n! I3 n4 l2 G9 ]; B
A. it B. that C. which D. he, `& P% ~0 O5 F+ f4 n* l& [0 e% X
答案C. 此为非限定性从句,不能用 that修饰,而用which.,it 和he 都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。
" C, W/ v$ K( [8 o" y8 S8 F 2)The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.) f/ e8 {' e% a( L1 `) l
A. what B. which C. that D. it
) y! m+ X# M: H& y2 Q. {& P 答案B。which可代替句子,用于非限定性定语从句,而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句,it不为连词,使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。; x' b4 c; j6 |( h+ v7 y) u
3)It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park... p( Z2 E- h4 V9 O- o. r
A. that B. which C. as D. it
, {; E8 x9 z7 a% f$ u# }# ` 答案B.
$ ]0 [1 H( g6 ]8 {$ H as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时,这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思,且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点:0 e/ b' H8 |/ n
(1) as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,而which不可。
3 W* n) e" y* T: n2 @" t (2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词,则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。
, O% s- z6 M3 c8 h6 \ 在本题中,prevent由于是行为动词,所以正确选项应为B。9 N: _3 w ?, d
As 的用法
5 i/ }, _1 q9 Y7 [7 p& I, F 例1. the same… as;such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。& G6 t. }, }+ l* W7 M7 S. ^8 p
I have got into the same trouble as he (has).
0 o" L; G: w0 T6 t 例2. as可引导非限制性从句,常带有'正如'。
' a1 Y0 J$ _4 I$ w As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
# b. h( b, x& @3 E. F As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
& A& Y! u( E+ b* d4 e As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语;例2中,它充当从句的主语,谓语动词know要用被动式。 |