1.中文:他理发了。
4 k7 ~1 { ?- F5 T: U (误)He had his hair to be cut.
( y8 d2 u/ T8 B- e0 U (正)He had his hair cut.(have,get+宾语+过去分词表示使…被。)0 c4 P* L, R8 e, `/ p5 N
2.中文:他喜欢喝凉开水。% P& p, C8 S1 H
(误)He likes to drink boiling water.$ q$ q+ E/ E! `/ B' v1 a8 V* ~8 J
(正)He likes to drink boiled water.(现在分词表示主动,boiling water指正在沸腾的水;过去分词表示完成,boiled water指沸腾过的水。)+ F* R0 H1 _# m+ o! q" h- a" t7 V3 E
3.中文:由于做饭,他看上去累了。$ W5 @. [( S9 u& [
(误)He looked tiring with cooking.( f( m- ?! g, M! M5 l
(正)He looked tired with cooking.(tiring表示令人疲倦的,tired表示人被弄疲倦了。): `- S1 I# S( }2 }! Q
4.中文:我不能让别人明白我的意思。
0 w2 `, `" a* g5 l5 Q (误)I couldn't make myself understand.
$ H" I& @: R2 z, @8 e$ m (正)I couldn't make myself understood.(过去分词表示被动,make myself understood表示使我被别人明白。)% E2 P* Y2 e4 _( k: F* V: r6 _8 Z
5.中文:昨天早上我上学时见到了我的一个朋友。
. @5 O, O( g1 U5 V Q8 \' P4 E# p (误)I was walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend of mine.
' f# @" J3 q, J0 |, o3 l" Z (正)Walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend of mine.(前一句如作时间从句缺连词,后一句分词构句表时间。)
# B n- v2 `+ {- `7 c6 f 6.中文:假期结束了,约翰返回了学校。
# G+ }% o6 h. `) W" u9 L8 y8 \ (误)The vacation was over, John returned to school.$ J/ _) j+ L1 K) \0 p) B
(正)The vacation being over, John returned to school.(前一句如作时间从句缺连词,后一句独立分词构句表时间。)
& M; @! J) s& Y" ^! R0 u 7.中文:戴帽子的工人躺在地上。# X( g$ @1 |/ X: s
(误)The workman worn a hat is lying on the ground.5 J$ C4 K" ^9 T0 h" Z; C
(正)The workman wearing a hat is lying on the ground.(带帽子是主动行动,要用现在分词wearing a hat表示。)3 N5 G/ a. W$ d9 b2 M$ K4 W
8.中文:小女孩站在那里哭了。
' c/ |+ F( @; o3 M4 g3 O" @3 Q7 s (误)The little girl stood there cried.
6 K/ |) }7 m/ _9 k: b+ B5 ]6 k4 A) J (正)The little girl stood there crying.(哭是主语the little girl发出的行动,要用现在分词crying表示。)- |) n9 V. d& U5 K) U0 G/ f, N9 ?
9.中文:天气好,我们今天要去郊游。
# {# u) X* t' F7 S (误)Being fine, we'll go outing today.9 @8 Y4 j" K W) i
(正)It being fine, we'll go outing today.(前一句错在分词构句所表示的动作不是主句的主语发出的;后一句加上表示气候的It作逻辑主语,构成独立分词构句表原因。) |