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[复习资料] 2012年成考高起点英语复习指导:分词误用

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发表于 2012-6-25 15:37:02 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  1.中文:他理发了。
4 k7 ~1 {  ?- F5 T: U  (误)He had his hair to be cut.
( y8 d2 u/ T8 B- e0 U  (正)He had his hair cut.(have,get+宾语+过去分词表示使…被。)0 c4 P* L, R8 e, `/ p5 N
  2.中文:他喜欢喝凉开水。% P& p, C8 S1 H
  (误)He likes to drink boiling water.$ q$ q+ E/ E! `/ B' v1 a8 V* ~8 J
  (正)He likes to drink boiled water.(现在分词表示主动,boiling water指正在沸腾的水;过去分词表示完成,boiled water指沸腾过的水。)+ F* R0 H1 _# m+ o! q" h- a" t7 V3 E
  3.中文:由于做饭,他看上去累了。$ W5 @. [( S9 u& [
  (误)He looked tiring with cooking.( f( m- ?! g, M! M5 l
  (正)He looked tired with cooking.(tiring表示令人疲倦的,tired表示人被弄疲倦了。): `- S1 I# S( }2 }! Q
  4.中文:我不能让别人明白我的意思。
0 w2 `, `" a* g5 l5 Q  (误)I couldn't make myself understand.
$ H" I& @: R2 z, @8 e$ m  (正)I couldn't make myself understood.(过去分词表示被动,make myself understood表示使我被别人明白。)% E2 P* Y2 e4 _( k: F* V: r6 _8 Z
  5.中文:昨天早上我上学时见到了我的一个朋友。
. @5 O, O( g1 U5 V  Q8 \' P4 E# p  (误)I was walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend of mine.
' f# @" J3 q, J0 |, o3 l" Z  (正)Walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend of mine.(前一句如作时间从句缺连词,后一句分词构句表时间。)
# B  n- v2 `+ {- `7 c6 f  6.中文:假期结束了,约翰返回了学校。
# G+ }% o6 h. `) W" u9 L8 y8 \  (误)The vacation was over, John returned to school.$ J/ _) j+ L1 K) \0 p) B
  (正)The vacation being over, John returned to school.(前一句如作时间从句缺连词,后一句独立分词构句表时间。)
& M; @! J) s& Y" ^! R0 u  7.中文:戴帽子的工人躺在地上。# X( g$ @1 |/ X: s
  (误)The workman worn a hat is lying on the ground.5 J$ C4 K" ^9 T0 h" Z; C
  (正)The workman wearing a hat is lying on the ground.(带帽子是主动行动,要用现在分词wearing a hat表示。)3 N5 G/ a. W$ d9 b2 M$ K4 W
  8.中文:小女孩站在那里哭了。
' c/ |+ F( @; o3 M4 g3 O" @3 Q7 s  (误)The little girl stood there cried.
6 K/ |) }7 m/ _9 k: b+ B5 ]6 k4 A) J  (正)The little girl stood there crying.(哭是主语the little girl发出的行动,要用现在分词crying表示。)- |) n9 V. d& U5 K) U0 G/ f, N9 ?
  9.中文:天气好,我们今天要去郊游。
# {# u) X* t' F7 S  (误)Being fine, we'll go outing today.9 @8 Y4 j" K  W) i
  (正)It being fine, we'll go outing today.(前一句错在分词构句所表示的动作不是主句的主语发出的;后一句加上表示气候的It作逻辑主语,构成独立分词构句表原因。)
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