同等学力申硕英语练习及答案解析4

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-7-3 12:10:56

For millions of years before the appearance of the electric light，shift work，all-night cable TV and the Internet，earth’s creatures evolved on a planet with predictable and reassuring 24-hour rhythms.Our biological clocks are set for this daily cycle.Simply，our bodies want to sleep at night and be awake during the day.Most women and men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep a night to function properly throughout their lives.(Contrary to popular belief，humans don’t need less sleep as they age.)
But on average，Americans sleep only about seven and a half hour per night，a marked drop from the nine hours they averaged in 1910.What’s worse，nearly one third of all Americans get less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night.For most people，that’s not nearly enough.
Finding ways to get more and better sleep can be a challenge.Scientists have identified more than 80 different sleep disorders.Some sleeping disorders are genetic.But many problems are caused by staying up late and by traveling frequently between time zone or by working nights.Dr.James F.Jones at National Jewish Medical and Research Center in Denver says that sleep disorders are often diagnosed as other discomforts.About one third of the patients referred to him with possible chronic fatigue syndrome actually have treatable sleep disorders.“Before we do anything else，we look at their sleep.”Jones says.
Sleep experts say that most people would benefit from a good look at their sleep patterns.“My motto(座右铭)is‘Sleep defensively’.”says Mary Carskadon of Brown University.She says people need to carve out sufficient time to sleep，even if it means giving up other things.Sleep routines-like going to bed and getting up at the same time every day-are important.Pre-bedtime activities also make a difference.As with Elsner，who used to suffer from sleeplessness，a few life style changes—avoiding stimulants and late meals，exercising hours before bedtime，relaxing with a hot bath—yield better sleep.
41.
What is TRUE of human sleep?
A.On average，people in the U.S.today sleep less per night than they used to.
B.For most people，less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night is enough.
C.Most people need less sleep when they grow older.
D.Most people need seven and a half hems of sleep every night.
42.
For our bodies to function properly，we should.
A.adjust our activities to the new inventions
B.be able to predict the rhythms of our biological clocks
C.sleep for at least eight hours per night
D.believe that we need less sleep as we age
43.
According to the author，many sleeping disorders are caused by.
A.improper sleep patterns
B.chronic fatigue syndrome
C.other diseases
D.pre-bedtime exercises
44.
Which of the following measures can help you sleep better?
A.Having late meals.
B.Traveling between time zones.
C.Staying up late.
D.Taking a hot bath.
45.
“Sleep defensively”means that.
A.people should sacrifice other things to getting enough sleep if necessary
B.people should give up going to bed and getting up at the same time every day
C.people should go to a doctor and have their problems diagnosed
D.people should exercise immediately before going to bed every night

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-7-3 12:10:57

答案解析：
在电灯、轮换工作、通宵有线电视和因特网出现之前的数百万年里，地球上的生物以可预言的、确定的24小时节奏演变进化着。我们的生物钟就是为这样的日常循环而设置的。简单地说，我们的身体需要在夜晚休息，白天清醒。大多数男女每天晚上需要八到八个半小时的休息时间以保证使他们的生活正常进行(与流行的观念相反，人并不是变老以后需要的睡眠就减少了)。
但是，美国人平均每晚的睡眠时间只有大约七个半小时，比1910年的平均九小时时间大大减少了，更糟的是，在典型的加班夜，几乎有1/3的美国人只有不到六个小时的睡眠时间。对于大多数人来说，那是远远不够的。
找到能够睡得更长、更好的方法可能是个挑战。科学家已经分辨出超过80种不同的睡眠紊乱症。有些睡眠紊乱症是遗传的。但是，许多问题是由于睡得太晚或经常在不同时差的地区之间旅行或上夜班导致的。在丹佛市国家犹太人医学和研究中心工作的詹姆斯·艾福·琼斯医生说，睡眠紊乱症常常被诊断为其他不适症。在他的那些可能患有慢性疲劳综合征的病人中，有1/3的人实际上患的是可治疗睡眠紊乱症。琼斯说：“在我们做任何其他事情之前，我们要先看一下他们的睡眠情况。”
睡眠专家说，大多数人可以从仔细观察自己的睡眠姿势中受益。布朗大学的玛丽卡斯克顿说：“我的座右铭是‘保护性地睡眠’。”人们需要足够的时间来睡觉，即使这意味着要放弃其他事情。睡眠安排，比如每天在相同的时间睡觉、起床非常重要。睡前的活动也会带来不同的影响。如以前遭受过失眠困扰的艾拉勒，改变了一些生活习惯，避免刺激性食物和吃夜宵，睡觉前运动几小时，洗个热水澡放松一下就会获得很好的睡眠。
41.
【正确答案】A
【考点类型】细节判断
【解析过程】关于人类睡眠下面哪句是对的?
A.一般来讲，今天美国人睡的时间比他们过去要少。
B.对大多数人来说，一个典型的加班工作少于6小时的睡眠是足够的。
C.大多数人的年龄越大，需要的睡眠越少。
D.大多数人每晚需要七个半小时的睡眠。
线索：文章的第2段提到“But on average，Americans sleep only about seven and a half hour per night，a marked drop from the nine hours they averaged in 1910.”表明A是正确答案。B选项和原文的内容相反“...get less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night.For most people，that’s not nearly enough.”C选项和文章的整个内容不符合。D选项和原文“Most women and men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep a night to function properly”不符合。
【考点提示】细节判断排除混淆选项一定要有耐心和掌握正确的方法。一般第一道题目不会是这种题，如果出现的话，不要从文章的后几段寻找相关信息，就在文章的前两段寻找，定位非常关键。
42.
【正确答案】C
【考点类型】细节判断
【解析过程】为了使我们的身体功能正常运行，我们应该。
A.调整我们的活动以适应新的发明
B.能够预测到我们生物钟的节奏
C.每晚睡至少8小时
D.相信随着我们的年龄增大，我们需要的睡眠更少
线索：文章的第1段提到“Most women and men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep a night to function properly throughout their lives.”表明选项C是正确答案。D选项的内容和原文截然相反“Contrary to popular belief，humans don’t need less sleep as they age.”与流行的观念相反，人并不是变老以后就需要减少睡眠。
43.
【正确答案】A
【考点类型】细节判断
【解析过程】根据作者，许多睡眠紊乱出现的原因是。
A.不正常的睡眠姿势
B.慢性疲劳综合征
C.其他的疾病
D.睡前的锻炼
线索：文章的第3段提到“But many problems are caused by staying up late and by traveling frequently between time zone or by working nights.”说明选项A是正确答案。B选项不是问题出现的原因，可以认为是它的一个并发症。D选项是改进睡眠的一个方法，不是问题产生的一个原因。
44.
【正确答案】D
【考点类型】细节判断
【解析过程】下面的哪一个措施能帮助你睡得更好?
A.吃夜宵。
B.在时区之间旅行。
C.睡得很晚。
D.洗一个热水澡。
线索：文章的第4段提到“avoiding stimulants and late meals，exercising hours before bedtime，relaxing with a hot bath—yield better sleep.”选项D是正确答案。其他几个选项是造成失眠的原因，不是减轻失眠的方法。
45.
【正确答案】A
【考点类型】句子理解
【解析过程】“保护性睡眠”意思是。
A.如果有必要，人们应该牺牲别的事情去获得足够的睡眠
B.人们应该放弃“每天在相同的时间睡觉、起床”的念头
C.人们应该去看医生并且诊断自己的病症
D.在每晚睡觉之前人们应该立即锻炼
线索：文章的第4段提到“She says people need to carve out sufficient time to sleep，even if it means giving up other things.”表明选项A是正确答案。其他几个选项为干扰项。
推荐阅读：
同等学力申硕英语练习及答案解析1
同等学力申硕英语练习及答案解析2
同等学力申硕英语练习及答案解析3

		自动登录	找回密码
密码			立即注册

[考试辅导] 同等学力申硕英语练习及答案解析4

同等学力申硕英语练习及答案解析4