表示比较意义的非比较级形式

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 00:30:10

英语中表示比较意义时,常用“as...as”或“比较级+than”的结构来表示。有人认为似乎只有这两种形式才能表示比较意义,其实不然,下列形式也可表示比较意义。
      一、用the+比较级+of the two... 来表示。例如:

      Tom is the taller and the more handsome of the two brothers. 汤姆是两兄弟中个子较高、长得较俊的一个。
      Mount Tai is the higher of the two mountains. 泰山是这两座山中较高的一座。
      I think this dictionary is the more useful of the two. 我认为这本字典是两本中更有用的一本。

      二、above，over，below，compared with，next to等词常可表示比较意义。例如:

      He thinks that the interests of the people are above everything. 他认为人民的利益高于一切。
      The output value in January this year is eight percent over that of the same period last year. 今年一月的产值比去年的同期增长了百分之八。
      A captain in the army ranks below a captain in the navy. 陆军上尉的级别低于海军上校。
      I don't think you can be compared with him. 我认为你不能同他相比。
      As long as men live，water will continue to be what it is today—next in importance to oxygen. 只要有人类存在,水就仍然像今天这样——其重要性仅次于氧。

      三、某些源于拉丁文以?鄄or结尾的形容词,可表示比较级的意义,被比较的对象前用介词to，不用than。用于这种结构的形容词有senior， junior，superior，prior，inferior，anterior，posterior等。例如:

      John is three years senior to Jack. 约翰比杰克大三岁。
      This machine is superior to that one in many respects.这台机器在许多方面比那台机器好得多。
      This book is inferior to what I had expected. 这本书比我期望的差。

      四、句子中如有not to speak of，not to mention，to say nothing of，let alone 等否定结构时,也可表示比较概念。例如:

      He cannot afford to buy a silver watch，not to speak of a gold one. 他没有钱去买一只银表,金的就更不必说了。
      You are too ill to get out of bed，let alone go shopping. 你病得连床都起不来,更不用说去买东西了。
      The boy has not learnt arithmetic，not to mention algebra. 这孩子算术还没学会,更谈不上代数了。

      五、在两个并列分句或两个相互独立的句子中,有时第一个分句暗示某种程度,第二个分句则暗含比较意义。例如:

      The project is great， but the new pro-ject will be greater and more arduous. 这项工程是伟大的,但新工程更伟大、更艰巨。
      六、动词choose...before， pre-fer...to， prefer to do rather than do，可表示“宁可……”、“更喜欢……”的比较意义。例如:
      The young man chose going to the front before staying at home. 这位年轻人宁可上前线,也不愿呆在家里。
      The heroine， a girl of strong will，preferred death to surrender.那位女英雄是一个意志坚强的姑娘,她宁死不屈。
      I prefer to take the whole blame myself rather than allow it to fall on the others.我宁肯自己承担全部责任,也不愿把责任推在别人身上。
      形容词preferable也可表示比较意义。例如:
      The first method is preferable to the second one. 第一种方法比第二种方法更可取。

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 00:30:11

另外,某些只能作定语用的比较级形式的形容词,尽管不表示比较级意义,但在相反的两个成对词使用时,也可表示对比的概念。例如:
      Li Ming studies English and French，the former language he speaks very well， but the latter one only imperfectly. 李明学习英语和法语,前者他说得非常流利,可后者他却说得不太好。
      As you can see，the outer parlor is large but the inner one is small. 正如你所看到的,外厅大,内厅小。
      Translate the following sentences.
      1.Everybody says this school is the better of the two.
      2.Compared with them，we have a long way to go.
      3.Mr Black said：“Mr Green is over me in the office.”
      4.Miss Smith is two years junior to Miss White.
      5.The little boy cannot walk，not to mention running.
      6.The Long March was great，but the New Long March will be greater and more arduous.
      7.The singer said she preferred popular music to classical music.
      8.The outer door is wide open but the inner one is locked.
      答案：
      1.大家都说这所学校是两所中较好的。
      2.与他们相比,我们还有很大差距。
      3.布莱克先生说:“格林先生职务比我高。”
      4.史密斯小姐比怀特小姐小两岁。
      5.这个小男孩还不会走,更谈不上跑了。
      6.长征是伟大的,但新长征更伟大、更艰巨。
      7.这位歌手说她喜欢流行音乐胜过古典音乐。
      8.外门大开,但内门紧锁。

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[四级词汇语法] 表示比较意义的非比较级形式

表示比较意义的非比较级形式