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[四级词汇语法] 大学英语四级考试:语法笔记讲义28

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发表于 2012-8-14 00:30:10 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  Though I like the dress, it doesn’t fit me. 尽管我喜欢那件连衣裙,但穿着不合适。(不说Though the dress is liked by me, I’m not fitted by the dress.)
2 H6 o, \+ f; G& o. _4 G; L  We lack manpower at the moment. 我们现在缺少人手。(不说Manpower is lacked by us at the moment.)
% U! J5 Q1 x: n0 i9 _2 v  My computer cost me seven hundred and ninety dollars. 我花了790美元买这台计算机。 % o" T" P. E8 S7 J) ^. h; }! O
  She resembles her father. 她像她父亲。(不说her father is resembled by her.) 1 _+ J4 G" N) C% U3 z0 e  r
  3、短语动词中有些用于被动结构,有些不可以。但没有规律可循,只能个别掌握:   _  F; w0 {. J& a: i* O
  I was very well looked after when I was working there. 我在那里工作的时候,得到很好的照顾。
# p1 E, t3 l# }4 `  q: l  An overpass is being put up at the corner of the street. 在那条街的拐角处正在建起一个过街天桥。 4 K/ d0 U9 _4 b- m2 w' Q& C* w
  Everybody agreed with me. 大家都同意我的意见。(不能说 I was agreed with by everybody.)
( g4 S. d5 J( D# V& S" z  s  I walked into the house. 我走进房子。(不能说The house was walked into.) ! c! J+ @8 O8 \$ G
  I broke into the house. 我破门而入那栋房子。(却可以说The house was broken into by me.)
7 ~( f1 D  ?+ V* v) w  4、反身代词和each other, one another作宾语时不能变为被动。例如: - [+ m/ }- o' Q- }0 r: Q; S
  They acknowledged themselves to be defeated. 他们承认他们自己被击败了。
: k. O2 U  m: s* ^7 `- i  She praised herself. 她自我表扬。 $ P/ T8 y0 c5 [$ W
  He ruined himself. 他毁了自己。
) P4 R' e+ t4 z9 @4 F  5、下列及物动词有特殊的宾语,也不能变为被动语态:
; o" T  d4 e; [. W7 I2 z" o8 R  The police officer shouted his loudest to stop the car. 警官用最大的声音喊叫,想叫住那辆车。 " Y; p/ N* B3 e& b: l1 X& A0 v
  The famous actress breathed her last. 那位著名的女影星咽气了。 % d) k, z5 \! u8 ?6 U. d, L
  She nodded her approval. 她点头同意。
6 d: [% a1 _% g7 @+ g! `3 u' ]' D$ I  I smiled my thanks. 我微笑致谢。 2 F+ C0 `% i. C/ }) D  e4 h
  He wishes to be somebody. 他想成个人物。
; {  @5 h1 L1 @4 g( ~1 ~8 k% n3 n$ o  He enjoys taking pictures. 他喜欢摄影。
# {: _5 r- |7 o. Q2 \" F  b  Keep silence, please. 请保持安静。 + ]0 d5 u1 o& t- d1 l7 h
  They usually take a walk after supper. 他们通常晚饭后散步。
/ b9 h' D) \3 i  s  (八)关于被动语态的几点说明 9 ]: ~/ ^' j7 c0 U; ^
  1、有些动词形式上是主动,意义上是被动。例如:
" ]1 J& e& O5 x1 }  A1 [  School begins in September. 学校九月份开学。   Q, C% G) z- u- Y
  The library doesn’t open on Sunday. 图书馆星期天不开放。 ( \: Z$ j: i: W, h8 M
  The machine runs well. 这台机器容易操作。
0 G; ?" m1 I) S  m! k7 E; w  My pen writes well. 我的钢笔好使。 5 _8 c( d  \/ U4 M, |" Q! J, X, O) B
  The cloth washes well. 这料子耐洗。
7 E+ S- _, N5 W  The dictionary sells well. 这词典销路很好。 0 H# x# n5 e4 G' d: `
  The book hardly sells. 这书买不出去。
1 [( j( d3 P/ Y) c; `  The door will not shut/lock. 门关/锁不上。 4 r- P6 h, B* V* J$ h
  Am I to blame? 我该受责备吗?
8 v9 `% L5 T6 L6 f6 K  The house is to let. 房子要出租。 # D+ y  ^5 D  M1 l
  The story is interesting to read. 这故事读起来很有趣。 ) _8 T1 k# h, |0 m9 K
  The film is worth seeing. 这片子值得一看。
9 H5 X+ g9 h# d' ?* `  Your shirt needs washing. 你的衬衫该洗了。
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