大学英语四级考试：语法笔记讲义37

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　　I should have written the letter earlier. But I have been very busy.
　　要能登上珠穆朗玛峰，那经历该多棒!
　　It would be a fantastic experience to climb up to Mount Everest.
　　6、虚拟语气省略条件从句或主句
( X. g9 E% ]/ B- l8 I6 B3 `　　表示虚拟语气的条件句的主句或从句有时可以省略，而省略部分的含义仍有所体现。
, @" \5 ]- U% S5 \& _　　1)省略条件从句，如：
　　It would be very nice.
　　You could have done it yourself. (省略If you had wanted to.上下文可以看出You didn’t want to.) (Fact: You didn’t do the work yourself because you didn’t want to.)
! @5 s# D. N6 O" k5 H2 {　　I wouldn’t smoke. (省略If I were you.) (表面上说我，实际上说你。这是一种委婉的表达法。(Fact: You smoke very often. I advise you not to smoke any more.)
8 @4 D& |; {1 r　　2)省略主句：在强调条件从句时，常省略主句，这种句子常表示一种“已不能实现”的愿望，主要用于If only 引导的感叹句中。
　　For example:
# c$ z, i: ?2 [7 b7 `0 c　　If only he were here!
3 M( Z1 q9 `9 T6 Z) R( X1 b0 n　　If only I knew more!
+ ?  R2 l% p" q  b# ?　　If only he had stayed with us!
6 r% ?9 S5 z/ q# ~# U, W" Q5 u　　Now let’s do some translation:
& v% m/ \2 M- K* }　　要是我听了他的建议就好了!
　　If only I had taken his advice!
) F2 ^( g5 Q& g9 }　　我如果是一只鸟就好了!
　　If only I were a bird.
. d8 c+ A0 q, R4 v# h! \& ~+ B3 i8 W　　快用If only 造三个句子，表达你的愿望!
　　If only I could live in a big apartment!
5 T5 L2 w+ e( O; J- X6 h+ g　　If only I were a billionaire!
　　If only I could marry her/him!
　　(二)虚拟语气的其他句型和用法
' g: w# g. f  O2 p: }0 U7 d　　1、用在“wish+宾语从句”中，表示很难实现或不能实现的愿望，可以翻译为“但愿…”, “悔不该…”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来的愿望，从句的谓语动词用“would (could)+动词原形”;对过去的事情表示愿望，从句的谓语动词用 “had+过去分词” 或“could + have + 过去分词”。Wish 后面的宾语从句必须用虚拟语气，不管这个愿望是否能实现。如：
+ |9 q* Z! a& o. B1 X/ e　　I wish it were Spring all the year round.
2 @  W+ ~8 o! ?3 F: o2 ~　　I wish you could go with us.
" N9 I/ E$ Z/ C' N$ {　　We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.
% [# v& B9 Y$ H6 @6 M  G+ a　　Now let’s do some translation using “wish”:
8 H7 Y" |! `& K4 L  c　　我要是Jane 就好了。
4 {9 |8 _- O" U: w　　I wish I were Jane.
# N: A3 ?& Q$ z/ x# E- h　　他真希望自己生活在中世纪。
　　He really wishes that he were living in the Middle Ages.
　　但愿北京整年是秋天。