大学英语四级考试：语法笔记讲义37

会计考友

　　I should have written the letter earlier. But I have been very busy.
8 J/ D2 j" Y' U% G! D6 g　　要能登上珠穆朗玛峰，那经历该多棒!
3 D2 G: `1 ^3 B, a　　It would be a fantastic experience to climb up to Mount Everest.
　　6、虚拟语气省略条件从句或主句
& ~% ^5 ^/ h, G& f, y; w& Q　　表示虚拟语气的条件句的主句或从句有时可以省略，而省略部分的含义仍有所体现。
+ h+ Q# q3 M/ g: E/ |0 z1 x0 l　　1)省略条件从句，如：
　　It would be very nice.
4 T* D6 A, R' G7 I+ o　　You could have done it yourself. (省略If you had wanted to.上下文可以看出You didn’t want to.) (Fact: You didn’t do the work yourself because you didn’t want to.)
　　I wouldn’t smoke. (省略If I were you.) (表面上说我，实际上说你。这是一种委婉的表达法。(Fact: You smoke very often. I advise you not to smoke any more.)
6 r1 g) s& }( Q# a) k" }! ~　　2)省略主句：在强调条件从句时，常省略主句，这种句子常表示一种“已不能实现”的愿望，主要用于If only 引导的感叹句中。
7 v9 h3 X# A3 o" ?" I　　For example:
0 L* t0 v1 e/ [& X% v　　If only he were here!
; K: w) j; \; q5 @　　If only I knew more!
　　If only he had stayed with us!
　　Now let’s do some translation:
' b5 t$ X6 f" B; Q5 ?! J　　要是我听了他的建议就好了!
　　If only I had taken his advice!
  h* g0 y1 P% E5 R6 q　　我如果是一只鸟就好了!
　　If only I were a bird.
  W  L% ]8 p* L* B7 c5 d　　快用If only 造三个句子，表达你的愿望!
　　If only I could live in a big apartment!
4 _8 J3 v9 _6 ], I　　If only I were a billionaire!
　　If only I could marry her/him!
　　(二)虚拟语气的其他句型和用法
( j$ l0 T8 k+ v: X　　1、用在“wish+宾语从句”中，表示很难实现或不能实现的愿望，可以翻译为“但愿…”, “悔不该…”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来的愿望，从句的谓语动词用“would (could)+动词原形”;对过去的事情表示愿望，从句的谓语动词用 “had+过去分词” 或“could + have + 过去分词”。Wish 后面的宾语从句必须用虚拟语气，不管这个愿望是否能实现。如：
; i6 O2 _6 T7 i/ ^! B) Y　　I wish it were Spring all the year round.
　　I wish you could go with us.
　　We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.
　　Now let’s do some translation using “wish”:
　　我要是Jane 就好了。
　　I wish I were Jane.
　　他真希望自己生活在中世纪。
　　He really wishes that he were living in the Middle Ages.
+ I% W0 B* V& x　　但愿北京整年是秋天。