(三)作定语。不定式短语作定语时,一般放在被修饰的词之后,有些名词的后面常用不定式作定语。常见的有:ability能力,agreement一致,协议,ambition抱负、野心,anxiety焦急,attempt试图,campaign战役,chance机会,claim声称,courage勇气,decision决定,determination决心,drive努力,eagerness殷切的心情,effort努力,failure失败,hope希望,intention目的意图,motive force动力,movement运动、协议,need需要,opportunity机会,plan计划,promise诺言,readiness乐意,refusal拒绝,reluctance勉强不愿,resolution决心,tendency倾向,right权力,struggle斗争,threat威胁,time时候,way方法,willingness愿意,wish希望。
^5 ?6 u% h$ i1 b 与这些词相对应的形容词或动词常接动词不定式。如ability →be able to, refusal →refuse to 等。
4 F) i. t+ f4 h$ }8 s. v, o 作定语时不定式表示将要发生的动作。
, J& n& ?; c) K0 h3 @ There is not any one to save him. 没有任何能救他的人。
8 j. o5 {0 U2 b1 d7 t He’s a not a man to tell lies. 他不是那种撒谎的人。
* d: X' x2 s. Q& A4 o- [ He’s a man to be trusted 他是个可以信赖的人。
3 Y3 D8 x! W1 Q) P He needs love to strengthen his broken heart.    他需要爱来给他那破碎的心以力量。) R, o x( H/ v; c5 ~1 A5 l
I don’t understand his idea to send his son to the Sahara. 我不明白他把儿子送到撒哈拉沙漠的想法。 + e* X. ~ o4 l9 u' b$ W
I need to buy a box to hold my CDs.    我需要买个装CD片的盒子。 & I1 R4 E" p9 K' {8 m: f M( G( u
This visit is a good opportunity to learn Chinese. 这次访问是学习中文的好机会。
6 B$ P3 y: K i; }8 } No investigation, no right to speak. 没有调查就没有发言权。 e* u/ O0 @1 P v2 ~# m$ x
Not to speak much is the best way to avoid trouble. 不多言是避免麻烦的最好办法。* ?, s7 e* X' f8 O
This is a good way to make money. 这是个赚钱的好方法。 / m* r* ?+ V- @
We were given some bread to eat.  给了我们一些面包吃。
& t; f2 S* P4 V5 j3 M I’ve a lot of things to take care of in the office today. 今天我办公室里由于很多事情要处理。
: I* e, t4 P, X! f' M$ s- w Have you got a key to unlock this door?  你有开这个门的钥匙吗?
. Z9 h2 s7 _) H% P5 k He needs a place to live in. 他需要有个住的地方。
7 |/ P% W0 c# u- h7 q: r This is not a pen to write with but to draw with. 这不是写字而是画画用的笔。
; K" d% k& B: I4 q y4 ~ I have not a friend to talk with.  我没有能谈心的朋友。
8 H3 A+ ]+ W: W0 }% _5 D8 a# k 作定语时,也可以给不定式加上主语。例如:
& {5 [$ E+ ~! X0 J, @ The order for the army to start has been given. 已经发出了让部队开始的命令。 2 b3 \4 l7 L8 F4 u* w; q4 h
The power for science to serve mankind is limitless.  科学为人类服务的力量是无穷的。 7 W) J' G( Z2 d8 g$ Z
The letter for you to answer is placed on your desk..   要你回的那封信放在你办公桌上。
, s8 C+ U- H* ^6 x (四)作表语。放在系动词之后。
7 b$ k, }: B) Y9 `' s- y3 s- {) O 例如:
5 `! ^) m* r. f/ M( f# W( g To gamble is to commit suicide, but not to get rich. 赌博就是自杀,而不是致富。
; W/ \" H4 Z0 K2 k& C1 t To criticize others is to make enemies. 批评别人就是树敌。
9 X' k$ |. X/ Q2 @% J To do everything is to do nothing.   什么都做等于什么也做不成。
5 ^- F2 _. n9 |5 W, h Perhaps the most popular way of relaxing is to participate in sports. 也许最受欢迎的放松方式就是参加体育活动。
0 ], H/ X; G9 u. r This matter is for you to consider. 这个问题是要你考虑的。
$ z. S. @, X) C* j5 J- ^ These apples are for the guests to eat. 这些苹果是给客人们吃的。
1 l/ Y9 k+ S! e8 a. Q6 I1 V My hope is for all members to come together once a year. 我的希望是所有成员每年聚会一次。 " f6 n; `2 |1 G( i
My advice is for you to apologize to her.  我的建议是你向她道歉。 |