大学英语四级考试：语法笔记讲义49

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　　(九)为了避免重复，不定式可省略，但to有时保留，有时不保留。例如：
! `+ m% k& U4 L5 N, ?7 p  r+ n( X　　You will make it if you try (to). 如果你努力，你会成功的。
% {. Z+ C6 I8 Q" ~5 f7 V, s/ n　　George says he is going to leave Shanghai, but I don’t think he really wants to. George 说要离开上海，但是我不认为他真的愿意走。
2 w7 g1 r3 n1 J& i! b2 u8 K　　Some of them retired, and others were ready to. 一些人退休了，还有的准备退。
　　He always speaks faster than he needs to. 他说话总是没必要的快。
　　I’d like to do it now, but I haven’t got the time (to).  我倒是想现在干，但没时间。
　　“Would you go there with me?” “I’m glad to.” “你愿意和我一起去吗?”“愿意。”
　　“Did you pass the exam?” “No, I tried (to), but I failed.” “你考试及格了吗?”“没有，我努力了，但没成功。
　　“Do you want to sing them an English song?” “I prefer not to.” “你愿意为他们唱首英文歌吗?”“我不想唱。”
　　You’d better sing an English song if they ask you (to) again.如果他们再要求你，你最后唱一首英文歌。
　　后面常省略不定式而保留to的结构，还有：
/ H% C5 Y" x/ J  z/ n+ i8 G, \. i　　used to   常常 be going to 打算
　　mean to  打算 ought to   应该
　　plan to 计划 want to     要想
' o! G4 ~7 D2 J9 y6 v　　(十)两个不定式由and, or, except, but, than 连接时，第二个可省略to，尤其是两个不定式紧密相连时。例如:
9 Q" N; j& ^6 u4 v7 f9 \& H　　I intend to call on him and discuss this question again. 我打算去拜访他并和他谈谈这个问题。
2 ~' D: c, u$ z5 d- b. V0 w! V　　I’d like to lie down and go to sleep. 我想躺下睡觉。
& Y1 Z2 `/ `4 @6 v7 q, F: B9 |　　You’re free to talk or laugh here. 在这里你可以随便说笑。
　　I’m anxious to go and ask him about it. 我急于去问问他这个事。
　　Do you want to have lunch now or wait till later?   你想现在吃午饭还是再等会儿?
) X9 I- a9 \3 e　　We had nothing to do except (to) look at the posters outside the cinema. 我们无事可做，只有看看电影院外面的招贴。
　　He had nothing to do except talk nonsense.   除了胡说八道，他没别的事干。
$ T0 M- R9 a4 O. v　　I would rather die than be insulted. 我宁死也不受侮辱。
7 U( w5 @" S) |: z　　I’ll do anything but work on a farm.   除了去农场干活，我什么都干。
　　It’s easier to persuade people than (to) force them. 说服人容易，强迫人难。
: g- T. G; B2 V( A1 e# D　　It’s better to take a taxi than (to) wait here. 搭出租车也比在这等强。
　　句子中but后面的不定式带不带to，取决于but前面的句子里含不含do，只要有与do/did有关的词(do作谓语，to do作定语等等)，but后面的不定式就省掉to。例如：
　　I can do nothing but go there alone. 除了独自一个到那里去，我别无选择。
$ e% S& i3 b; V& j9 N  V　　I have nothing to do but go there alone. 除了独自一个到那里去我没事可干。
% V1 _, p) E( ?6 j( F- J8 q, k　　He did nothing but cry all day long. 他除了整天哭，什么也不干。
　　Now let’s do some exercises:
$ n! k, E& s# g* I' e0 w4 ]　　1.用动词不定式结构完成下列句子：
. _6 I! N8 z. A　　1)Let’s _______ (早回家). → go home early
. w: w7 [3 ^/ x, P5 E+ K& p　　2)I am going _____ (问问题). → to ask some questions
0 P0 a& l, H  t) r8 A6 E9 Y　　3)I’ve been hoping ______ (会见格林先生)ever since I left school → to see Mr. Green