It all depends on whether we can get their cooperation. 这是主语从句还是宾语从句?it 是形式主语吗?it 是代词,whether 引导的是宾语从句,作介词on 的宾语,不能用if引导。请翻译这句话。这完全取决于我们是否能得到他们的合作。 r% v$ L# H* I6 {& ]% _" b5 x
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 宾语从句,介词宾语,不能用if 引导。请翻译这句话。- r, O+ |' y* M5 |# D. p8 C" I
She asked me whether/if you were married. 宾语从句,既可以用whether, 又可以用if 引导。注意时态的对应。请翻译这句话。
) V5 y! \4 P( r h We haven’t decided whether/if we shall give them aid.
$ _0 N+ u# H- I3 i" ^; h7 [6 L I’m not sure whether/if the report is believable.: j0 P! B8 z/ ]; v j/ d
Now let’s do some translation:
; F& Q( W- [. S! |6 j 现在还很难预测谁会赢得下一届总统选举。# G3 c1 b6 m' s
It is still hard to predict who will win the next presidential election.) @+ ]' [* o- r0 o$ _1 ~
对于多数公民来说,谁当选总统无关紧要。; ~) A- @% A, |/ v9 D* e* }7 _
Who will become the president doesn’t matter much to most citizens.
0 s( i4 p2 ?, O, C6 }8 C& |# W+ ] 这位前总统是否会被判处死刑还有待观察。
6 q2 o p' j2 t8 }& z It remains to be seen whether the ex-president will be sentenced to death.
4 [9 ~6 O/ o _2 N 真可惜,王教授不能出席我们的英语晚会。$ w. B& x8 L, E% M [& |: c* S
It is a pity that Prof. Wang can’t attend our English Evening.: a3 I, y8 f" s
我们需要的是更多的时间。8 Y) C# C2 Z* J7 c' {( k
What we need is more time.1 b+ r g8 X% R: f1 \- {
宾语从句7 F+ V+ s. n1 U
在谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、分词、动名词之后都可以带有宾语从句。某些形容词如sure, happy, glad, certain, pleased 等之后也可以带有宾语从句。
9 t8 }* K* h8 x2 G! H: `$ b2 A0 [/ Q 1.that 引导的宾语从句: that 没有意义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略:如:# B4 N% p4 }5 B& a' b* a2 B: q- ^
I really feel she’s making a mistake. 我的确感到她正犯错误。
/ O* i4 [, P0 [# p( S James said (that) he was feeling better. 詹姆斯说他感到好些了。; @3 I* I: u. W$ A0 [0 X i4 b
Hearing that his son was badly wounded, he hurried to the hospital to see him. 听说儿子受了重伤,他急忙赶到医院去看望他。
- S7 a# E) X4 E5 | I suggested that we should go home. 我建议我们回家去。虚拟语气,that 一般不能省略。
{9 {8 k/ Q& y9 S. K 2.whether/if (是否)引导的宾语从句:如果要突出“究竟是…还是不…”,常在whether 后面加or not; if 一般不与or not连用。如:+ e* g6 J& \4 l/ a
He asked me if/whether I knew John. 他问我是否认识约翰。/ I; {0 J' h" {' ?0 k t
Let me know whether you can come or not. 你能来还是不能来,告诉我一声。
! j; E9 o- l- i6 | 3.在think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词的宾语从句中,否定不用在从句中,而是将think 等词变为否定形式。
/ u- |. b: d' i: ? For example:1 ]- E! [- z: ~ d' K3 {3 [$ }
I don’t think the film is interesting. 我觉得这部电影没什么意思。- ]' x* |" @1 n4 H) t1 F
I don’t suppose we are going outing tomorrow. 我认为我们明天不会出去郊游。4 b3 H1 T" Y' Z/ R% G1 q
4.如果从句作宾语而后面还有补语,为了保持句子的平衡,用it 作形式宾语,而将宾语从句放在句尾。常跟这样的复合宾语的动词有:make, find, see, hear, feel, think, consider, regard, take….for granted等。如:
: g+ `3 M4 v" B5 |! @ George made it clear that he opposed this project. 乔治已明确表示他反对这个项目。it 代表that 引导的句子,作宾语,clear 是宾语补足语。 |