2011英语四级语法讲义大全：定语从句二

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三、在定语从句的非限制性定语中，which 和as 是容易混淆的。在很多情况下两者兼可互换，但在下列情况中不可互换：
/ D$ v- z9 i5 h' [2 v8 S1、通常As 可以放在整句的句首，而which，只能在逗号之后，as 本身含有“正如”，as 在定语从句中既可是主语也可做宾语
, b! V. z8 s" ^/ w) Y# ?6 `As appear from her paper ,she has read widely in Romantic literature.
She is remarkable, as I have told you .
2、 which 在做非限制性定语从句关联词时可以无明确先行词，指前句整个的意思，如：she has warried again,which surprises us .
四、在定语从句中，许多人往往分不清all that 和what,what 实际上只引导名词性从句，它相当于all that两个字，例如：
: R2 ~- y' w6 K8 tAll that I know is that he has made up his mind to heave the country for a new place.
= what I  know is that ……
、限定性定语从句：
种类
先行词
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例句
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定


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语
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从
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句
（人）在从句中做主语或宾语
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$ O8 A( _3 A" ]; c: T在从句中做主语或宾语
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  y6 s# k6 X% ~: x% B4 W- Nwho
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This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life .
这就是救了孩子生命的医生。
' P$ k7 T) Y1 i0 |: o+ j5 [She is the new student whom I want to introduce to you .
( H% @* L- \& H7 Q. B她就是我要介绍给你的新学生
Please pass me the book which is lying on the table.
$ q5 k# W* S6 w" @请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。
/ ~$ b$ u1 g3 s8 J* w! e2 QThe novel which Tom bought is very interesting.
& L' z! j4 F5 @! u汤姆买的小说很有意思。
Can you lend me the magazine about which you talked yesterday?
你能把昨天谈到的那本杂志借给我吗？
9 S' z+ D6 }) S; R+ Rwho在从句中做主语
whom在从句中做宾语，口语中who可以代替whom，也可以被省去，但做介词宾语时只能用whom

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, c: w7 k  T. `% W" t6 Uwhich在从句中做主语。
0 D* R9 F" K4 Dwhich充当宾语时可以省去。
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which做介词宾语不可省