2012英语四级语法讲义大全：非谓语动词四

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3）作宾语：
% J  R8 @# V9 c2 L8 v! ]常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，例如：
6 ~" W0 {. V# M9 ?Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.
动词不定式也可充当介词宾语，如：
( H0 b3 ~3 E" ]5 W& X) tI have no choice but to stay here.
He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike.
动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用，如：
He gave us some advice on how to learn English.
4 \- Q9 g0 {8 `2 O" l4）作宾语补足语：
3 r0 H/ c9 C3 K! Z  f9 m在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语: want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.
9 G* n, o, F- h4 Z3 L此外，介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用，如：
' u+ p8 b1 O- L2 J/ q7 kWith a lot of work to do, he didn’t go to the cinema.
有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to, 如：
I saw him cross the road.
3 |7 A, {/ w6 t- r" U1 r& jHe was seen to cross the road.
5）作定语：
动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系：

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A）动宾关系：</p>I have a meeting to attend.
" X! a$ h& i- |3 k9 r% S注意：不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，应有必要的介词，如：
; F$ U) S- l7 R8 u! y  Q9 n* ^He found a good house to live in.
( F2 l6 r$ Y" k8 h) o" D8 |The child has nothing to worry about.
8 Z# @% U$ f9 H0 N3 @5 bWhat did you open it with?
如果不定式修饰time, place, way，可以省略介词：
He has no place to live.
# r  P% v& n+ E, }This is the best way to work out this problem.
如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者，不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：
Have you got anything to sent?
1 \0 q2 L' H- G8 P& e- ^9 \Have you got anything to be sent?
; c0 W" X! g+ }; t5 a, }7 cB）说明所修饰名词的内容：
We have made a plan to finish the work.
! V$ {  M) k9 @3 b) |& i  e% A4 ?C）被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语：
He is the first to get here.