a我考网

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

扫一扫,访问微社区

查看: 31|回复: 0

[四级词汇语法] 2012英语四级语法讲义大全:非谓语动词用法对比一

[复制链接]
发表于 2012-8-14 00:30:10 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
知识要点: " v% L! }2 ~) m: [# l
一、不定式与动名词做主语:
7 }0 j* C2 V! K% J0 B9 l+ Z1、动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般的行为,不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为。例如: 3 l* S/ ^) ]9 \* W+ h
Collecting information about children’s health is his job. 收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。
: \4 b, [4 }6 f4 C; jIt’s necessary to discuss the problem with an experienced teacher. 与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。
( s" R: d7 U8 Q4 M2、常用不定式做主语的句型有:
& |4 b6 Z* u" h+ e1 `(1)It’s difficult (important, necessary) for sb. to do
' |" m! S! u  E2 q; }(2)It’s kind (good, friendly, polite, careless, rude, cruel, clever, foolish, brave) of sb. to do.
1 w! H  g% Z2 @6 w( N' \3、常用动名词做主语的句型有:
, m; U( V5 h, V2 W5 ^( K0 P* ?It’s no good (use, fun) doing.
# D" G( _' d/ M6 L# xIt’s (a) waste of time one’s doing. 7 M( m6 H8 v+ K4 L
It’s worth while doing. 9 T* [/ ~# A7 k; z* j& M
二、不定式、动名词、分词做表语: - I# L1 Q' @9 G
1、不定式做表语常表示谓语动词所表示动作之后发生的动作。
& N  M, S  J# D0 R% t3 E' JHis teaching aim of this class is to train the students’ speaking ability. 他这节课的教学目的是要训练学生说的能力。 5 `& q0 J$ W# ^( s0 I+ V0 u
2、动名词做表语是对主语内容的解释,这时主语与表语位置可以互换,动名词常用于口语中。 : |" x- v% i9 M3 ~4 ]( \
Its full-time job is laying eggs. 它的(指蚁后)的专职工作是产卵。
' b4 g  g7 ?" s3 P0 T( G3、现在分词做表语表示主语的性质与特征;进行时表示正在进行的动作。 7 t2 ]! Z/ N+ u3 K
The task of this class is practising the idioms. (现在分词做表语) 6 h* l1 `; b1 s3 _. [9 o) w
With the help of the teacher, the students are practising the idioms. (现在进行时)   w$ z9 m$ D0 @- K& p
4、常用作表语的现在分词有:interesting, amusing, disappointing, missing, puzzling, exciting, inspiring, following等。现在分词表示进行与主动。
" B5 S$ F. v/ c3 i4 c, p: p1 ~The joke is amusing .这笑话很逗人。 - o* V4 ~+ ^, |7 I- D: v/ A0 h
The problem is puzzling. 这个问题令人不解。
/ a: ?7 ~  W* d6 k3 a* }8 U2 u5、过去分词作表语表示主语所处的被动状态或完成某动作的状态。而被动语态表示主语所承受的动作。
6 O: j/ w4 h( |5 v, n& t, x! T$ g0 DThe village is surrounded by high mountains.(过去分词做表语) 0 p9 t% H! i8 T0 L" O
The enemy was surrounded by the Red Army.(被动语态)
; a3 P- C  f. g; y' `$ m0 {! UHe is well educated.(过去分词做表语) 4 T7 k1 `3 S- u0 H/ u/ N- t
He has been educated in this college for three years.(被动语态)
  c/ g7 H8 h6 \, Q& _( \常用在句中做表语的过去分词有:used, closed, covered, interested, followed, satisfied, surrounded, done, lost, decided, prepared, saved, shut, won, completed, crowded, dressed, wasted, broken, married, unexpected等。
. O! h2 a! ?. L6、注意如下动词的现在分词与过去分词用法不同:interest(使…感兴趣),surprise(使…吃惊),frighten(使…害怕),excite(使…兴奋),tire(使…疲劳),please(使…满意),puzzle(使…迷惑不解),satisfy(使…满意),amuse(使…娱乐),disappoint(使…失望),inspire(使…欢欣鼓舞),worry(使…忧虑) : ?* N( a: v: }3 y7 \
它们的现在分词常修饰物(有时修饰人),表示主动,过去分词常修饰人,表示被动(包括某人的look、voice等)。例如: $ E% z! R8 q$ T6 W* z
Climbing is tiring. 爬山很累人。 , k4 ^$ u$ _+ t7 p. A6 F/ |
They are very tired. 他们很疲劳 8 s9 |7 o6 V! @$ F2 @
After hearing the exciting news, he gave a speech in an excited voice.
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

Archiver|手机版|小黑屋|Woexam.Com ( 湘ICP备18023104号 )

GMT+8, 2024-6-3 04:41 , Processed in 0.384834 second(s), 21 queries .

Powered by Discuz! X3.4 Licensed

© 2001-2017 Comsenz Inc.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表