非谓语动词与独立主格:短语,句子(或者句子,短语)
5 u" q* G }# x6 ?3 X5 c- b1 w" n1.当短语部分有独立主语,并且该主语不同于句子主语,这时短语结构称为独立主格。(它最明显的特点是短语部分有独立的主语)。! `& O1 J* h6 y1 v. Y0 r
独立主格的结构1:名词(代词)+ 分词 [现在分词、过去分词], n. ^. O9 V1 C% W3 W7 x2 r& h
现在分词表示主动的,正在进行的行为;过去分词表示被动的,已经完成的行为。 作题时要通过判断动作与名词(代词)之间的关系来确定是使用现在分词还是过去分词。当动作由名词(代词)发出时使用现在分词,而名词(代词)是受动者时则用过去分词。
0 R7 M& ^/ t9 @% s6 N* c1 d, o- S54. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _B_ it closely.
4 J8 t2 A! Y- j7 g9 f' \A followed B following C to follow D being followed7 J8 s$ j! U6 |
49. All things _A_, the planned trip will have to be called off.8 ~0 n; M2 n8 x* d/ d! ]: K
A considered B be considered C considering D having considered$ t! @- ~ E% F
call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四级中的考点就是现在分词和过去分词的区别。/ h. G; {3 A( L: j! L4 [$ d% w
独立主格的结构2:with + 名词(代词)+ 分词 [句子当中作状语]
1 q2 c6 w- N' p( G36. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school. Z$ E: P/ w; K+ a G! [
A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged# E" G0 R( p- J/ d8 W
as well as 和(相当于and); be encouraged不会考。/ Y2 h* H9 c6 p! Z: P) n- k
动词不定式有预示将来行为的含义。to be encouraged 将要被鼓励;% V/ o" A. Z5 P% ?
been encouraged 已经被鼓励完了,与主句的谓语动词相对;being encouraged 正在被鼓励 |