非谓语动词与独立主格：短语，句子(或者句子，短语) 4 F6 Y3 r4 y1 Y 当短语部分有独立主语，并且该主语不同于句子主语，这时短语结构称为独立主格。(它最明显的特点是短语部分有独立的主语)。 3 m1 y; B2 m2 u4 o
独立主格的结构1：名词(代词)+ 分词 [现在分词、过去分词] : |( X4 r q1 \. i5 N% t& O4 s. l# }
现在分词表示主动的，正在进行的行为;过去分词表示被动的，已经完成的行为。 作题时要通过判断动作与名词(代词)之间的关系来确定是使用现在分词还是过去分词。当动作由名词(代词)发出时使用现在分词，而名词(代词)是受动者时则用过去分词。 ( R) t- T# i$ c* }2 b
1. Silver is the best conductor of electricity， copper _B_ it closely. % }; p' w9 g0 _( T
A followed B following C to follow D being followed ' _7 E0 x! r6 \& L. b) ~& V 2. All things _A_， the planned trip will have to be called off. & ?$ J% Q, B( |" z# ~7 K: {
A considered B be considered C considering D having considered " ~9 O; L0 U+ o! C& u' M$ O) o call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四级中的考点就是现在分词和过去分词的区别。 " x4 x+ y3 }$ s# ]
独立主格的结构2：with + 名词(代词)+ 分词 [句子当中作状语] L9 L# K7 o; l* \* W
3. After the Arab states won independence， great emphasis was laid on expanding education， with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school. - X* V3 a# L( A G, Z4 B
A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged ' }9 {; b4 G4 n+ z2 m+ R0 X% W as well as 和(相当于and); be encouraged不会考。 % i' O* \6 {. }; T# m8 e 动词不定式有预示将来行为的含义。to be encouraged 将要被鼓励; 7 [* C6 k8 @: ~" U5 j9 g! ?+ s- B been encouraged 已经被鼓励完了，与主句的谓语动词相对;being encouraged 正在被鼓励
发表于 2012-8-14 00:34:20
