非谓语动词与独立主格：短语，句子(或者句子，短语) 8 r3 t2 f" f! D0 c% [
当短语部分有独立主语，并且该主语不同于句子主语，这时短语结构称为独立主格。(它最明显的特点是短语部分有独立的主语)。 , E+ J3 H+ R3 I; C
独立主格的结构1：名词(代词)+ 分词 [现在分词、过去分词]
+ b! q$ u# E! P$ ~& X 现在分词表示主动的，正在进行的行为;过去分词表示被动的，已经完成的行为。 作题时要通过判断动作与名词(代词)之间的关系来确定是使用现在分词还是过去分词。当动作由名词(代词)发出时使用现在分词，而名词(代词)是受动者时则用过去分词。
& s/ E- y, ~+ O o' O# m 1. Silver is the best conductor of electricity， copper _B_ it closely.
6 G6 X9 e3 E& S' @/ q- d0 ?1 U A followed B following C to follow D being followed
" S3 w7 A4 E: l/ B( |5 k 2. All things _A_， the planned trip will have to be called off.
2 ]) w/ I$ D E A considered B be considered C considering D having considered
& B7 K2 r4 s% u, R$ x9 _" _& f- G5 i call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四级中的考点就是现在分词和过去分词的区别。 % Y) p8 ^5 ~$ f
独立主格的结构2：with + 名词(代词)+ 分词 [句子当中作状语] 9 @; A& q7 \: }, O6 y" r3 H
3. After the Arab states won independence， great emphasis was laid on expanding education， with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school. 4 C# `$ X* h! a- y9 v" l: n. j( E
A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged * c: m0 L$ j& g: \- O
as well as 和(相当于and); be encouraged不会考。 ! H' P& V( N0 r$ t4 ^. p/ S
动词不定式有预示将来行为的含义。to be encouraged 将要被鼓励;
7 ?2 n M) c0 [ been encouraged 已经被鼓励完了，与主句的谓语动词相对;being encouraged 正在被鼓励 |
发表于 2012-8-14 00:34:20
