2012大学英语四级词汇记忆(权威版)07
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# F# C( S0 n+ s/ P非谓语动词与独立主格:短语,句子(或者句子,短语) # Z/ J/ {! ]! T) a- R& g! u" l
1.当短语部分有独立主语,并且该主语不同于句子主语,这时短语结构称为独立主格。(它最明显的特点是短语部分有独立的主语)。
6 H, u7 B, A: j0 O& } 独立主格的结构1:名词(代词)+ 分词 [现在分词、过去分词]: H! y _+ c p3 D
现在分词表示主动的,正在进行的行为;过去分词表示被动的,已经完成的行为。 作题时要通过判断动作与名词(代词)之间的关系来确定是使用现在分词还是过去分词。当动作由名词(代词)发出时使用现在分词,而名词(代词)是受动者时则用过去分词。
6 g1 `! R2 |6 I; @7 U+ R1 s 2. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _B_ it closely.
0 n2 ]* i! Q/ C) T6 d2 S* N A followed B following C to follow D being followed! E2 c3 D7 z2 U% E9 l% G* ?1 \
3. All things _A_, the planned trip will have to be called off.6 j: `/ A* M) m& v+ u5 Q/ r* H/ W
A considered B be considered C considering D having considered
+ W& {! |" |( ^; i' W call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四级中的考点就是现在分词和过去分词的区别。% y0 d) R6 v9 P8 t" @, J
独立主格的结构2:with + 名词(代词)+ 分词 [句子当中作状语]中华考试网(www.Examw。com)
0 h& N m$ c7 {% H2 Y 4. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school.
0 G6 }0 L# A- ?2 h3 ^ R1 _ A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged
: t1 Y+ q" e8 v1 V, e- T as well as 和(相当于and); be encouraged不会考。
: N% k0 p' {5 ^* U7 g 动词不定式有预示将来行为的含义。to be encouraged 将要被鼓励;
; _+ V6 {& ^) p5 {, M# d+ U$ X been encouraged 已经被鼓励完了,与主句的谓语动词相对;being encouraged 正在被鼓励 |