考试辅导：四级阅读理解真题长难句分类解析(4)

会计考友

4.举例作为插入语（显著词such as; for example; including etc.）
+ U# b) }. w% ]. n- y& Y   插入语主要起补充或说明的作用，我们在进行快速阅读的时候通常会把它省略，即忽略不看。但是，笔者在这里要提出的一点是，如果根据文章问题回原文定位句子时，如果定位的关键句子包含了以上插入语中的任何一种形式，则答案往往就在此处。例如：
   
    原文：Finally, other people may give us instrumental support—financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.
: S( E& K: Y& W3 h) z8 A& h% u   
9 J& N( d4 m- B7 ]    考题： Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of
   
    A. instrumental support B. informational support
/ ~+ }0 n# i$ y   
    C. social companionship D. the strengthening of self-respect
   
    （1）Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. （2005.1）
% }, n1 }# X( V5 g   
    翻译：普通感冒患者的一些典型症状，如鼻塞、流鼻涕、喉咙发痒，发作比较缓慢，成人和青少年患者一般不会有发热症状。
* }- S" `& i/ c3 A3 l   
1 H( }- |8 H" {7 i# f    （2）And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms. （2005.1）
3 g3 T* v' |) g$ ]$ w% n, {0 b   
: z- ]' F! I- Q, ^$ T; Q6 K    翻译：一般来说，流感症状包括发烧、发冷、喉咙发痒、浑身疼痛，比普通感冒的症状来得突然和猛烈。
: E+ o/ }8 P5 z) Z; ]% ?- _   
    ☆注意：举例有时可以换成短语，如介词短语、不定式短语等等；还可以换成有两个破折号引起的插入语成分。例如：
" I9 S$ k$ W5 I7 F1 n2 L   
    It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and jounals and to producing video materials on ASL and deaf culture—is having lunch at a café near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution.(2004.6)
   
    时间过了37年。现在Stoloe致力于撰写和编辑关于美国手语和聋哑人文化的书籍和杂志，以及制作相关的录像材料。